Rudolph the reindeer is best known for his brightly colored rednose.
鲁道夫驯鹿最大的特征就是红彤彤的鼻子zWVNVnFZedTBxlBI&7p。
For other reindeer, however, the most colorful thing about them is actually their eyes.
然而，其他驯鹿身上最”出彩”的地方，则是他们的眼睛)VAa9t_j[KO[n。
Researchers have found that depending on the season, the eyes of Arctic reindeer change fromgold to blue.
研究人员发现，随着季节的转变，北极地区驯鹿的眼睛会从金色变为蓝色D[y(cZc7pVqPfxtui。
Like many mammals, Arctic reindeer have a structure in the eye called the tapetum lucidum, TL forshort.
同许多哺乳动物一样，北极地区驯鹿的眼睛里有一个叫做反光膜的组织，简称TLJbxKP|B[d8e。
It sits behind the retina and reflects light back to increase the sensitivity of night vision.
它位于视网膜后，其功能是反射光线，以增强眼睛夜间视物的敏感性vSgU~7B8cSSNX5。
TheTL is also responsible for reindeer eye color changes.
驯鹿的眼睛会变色就是因为反光膜GHK+_=3d3~O。

During the Arctic summer, when it's always light outside, reindeer TL is gold—a color that reflectsmore light back through the retina,
北极夏季会出现极昼现象，阳光无时无处不在，此时驯鹿眼中的反光膜呈金色，这种颜色可反射更多透过视网膜的光线，
better enabling reindeer to see in daylight.
使驯鹿在白昼时的视物性更好|l!jy.4(dG!。
But when the Arctic winter sets in and darkness reigns, the TL turns blue.
但当北极的冬季来临，出现极夜现像，黑暗笼罩大地时，驯鹿眼中的反光膜会变成蓝色_6Gg6chGv6X。
The result of this is lesslight reflecting back out through the retina, making it easier for the animals to see predators in dimconditions.
此时，透过视网膜，反射出去的光会减少，对于动物来说，这样可以使他们在光线不佳的情况下，更容易看见猎物RJaZTs69P-U)|oG。
The color change may be caused by shifting pressure in reindeer eyes, which stems from constantpupil dilation.
驯鹿的眼睛会变色可能是驯鹿眼睛受到的压力发生改变所致，压力源自瞳孔不断放大,]MFsUHFJHIlJNeo@。
When compressed, the TL reflects shorter wavelengths of blue light which are moreplentiful during Arctic winters.
反光膜在受到压迫时会反射较短波长的蓝光，这种光在北极的冬天到处都是=[R0sxNoT%7x3。