原文视听

So you can see these are the ones

大家可以看到这些老鼠

They are fatter, they are unhealthy mice

这个老鼠要胖些 属于不健康的老鼠

And Rawl and Dollman in the commentary for that study

罗尔和道尔曼在对这项研究进行评论时指出

Kind of put it altogether here

放在这里了

So stress leads to glucocorticoids

压力会导致肾上腺糖皮质激素的上升

That can potentiate

而肾上腺糖皮质激素又会影响到

The sympathetic neuron and adipose tissue

交感神经和脂肪组织

Leading to the release of NPY

从而导致神经肽Y抗体水平的上升

And a proliferation of proadipocytes and adipogenesis

从而造成前脂肪细胞和脂肪形成速度的激增

And macrophage infiltration

造成巨噬细胞的浸润

Which is something I'm just highlighting here

这是我想强调的内容

Because it can be relevant to what I talk about towards the end

因为它和我最后要讲的内容相关

Which in turn can end in insulin resistance

这一些列变化反过来导致胰岛素抗性的产生

So there is a kind of complicated but verified pathway

所以压力导致肥胖

With respect to stress and potential biological mechanism to obesity

或者至少导致脂肪细胞生长的生物过程

Or at least adipose growth

是一个非常复杂而多变的过程

But how is sleep involved?

那么睡眠在这中间扮演了什么角色呢?

Again, this is kind of intuitive thing

这又是一个直觉的问题

I mean we know that individuals who are very high stressed

我们知道承受了巨大压力的个体

Stressed in work

例如工作压力

Have a difficult time sleeping

他们会难以入睡

You know, they don't fall asleep as quickly

他们入睡的时间不够快

They often can have fragmented sleep

他们的睡眠经常被打断

And less sleep continuity

连续睡眠的时间较短

And report that their quality of their sleep was poor

而且他们自述睡眠质量不高

In the same way

同样的

There is some evidence

有证据证明

That people who don't get enough sleep

睡眠不足的人

Certainly have changes in their mood

可能会出现情绪变化

But there's now an emerging laboratory evidence suggesting

现在有越来越多的试验证据证明

That individuals are even more sensitive to stress exposure

睡眠不足的个体对压力更为敏感

Some of this more comes from

一些证据来自于

Matt Walker's lab at UC Berkeley

加州伯克利分校的马特沃克的实验室

课程简介和演讲视频

课程简介
本套课程讲解了睡眠对健康的多重影响。睡眠不足会改变身体的内分泌系统，打破激素的平衡，扰乱大脑对食物的选择和摄取从而引发肥胖，严重影响胰岛素的平衡进而引发糖尿病。不同年龄段的人群有不同的睡眠需求，一般而言，年轻人的睡眠需求高于老年人，但所有成年人都应保证每天8小时的睡眠时间。

老年人的睡眠时间减少并不是生理变化的自然结果，而是其他疾病造成的影响，衰老本身并不会降低睡眠需求。常见的睡眠障碍包括失眠、睡眠呼吸障碍、四肢不宁综合症、快速眼动期行为失调，患者需要就具体的睡眠障碍咨询专业的睡眠医生，确诊后有针对性的改善睡眠，进而提高整体的健康状况。

不同的睡眠障碍有不同的治疗方式，但认知行为疗法是所有治疗方法的首选，其次是器械治疗、药物治疗以及外科手术治疗。患者应养成良好的睡眠习惯，培养“睡眠卫生习惯”，改善睡眠质量，尽量避免擅自用药和药物滥用。