原文视听

This is a little better established

人们对这个问题了解得更加清楚一些

especially since the sleep duration questions

特别是当睡眠长短

don't tend to probe for problems maybe

不再作为判断睡眠障碍的标准时

But this is relatively well replicated

但答案也是相似的

that minorities tend to be more likely

也就是少数裔人种比白人

to be short sleepers than whites

睡眠时间更短

In the black group

而对于黑人来说

whether you are more likely to be short or long sleeper

无论你的睡眠时间长还是短

this is something that's been seen a number of different times

这种情况更是非常的常见

looking going back to that CRP data

再看看CRP数据

If you actually look at, so we saw that nice U shape

我们可以看到一个完美的U型图

but that U shape depends on race and ethnicity

但U的形状仍然取决于人种

So we see that U shape in the white group

我们看到白人群体呈现出U型

and the Hispanic and Latino group

而西班牙裔和拉丁裔人群

there was actually no elevation of CRP

无论他们的睡眠长短如何

in any sleep duration group

CRP都没有上升的趋势

In the black African American group

而对于非洲裔美国人来说

there is a short sleep effect

存在一个短期睡眠效应

There was 8-hour effect that was also interesting

有一个有趣的8小时效应

And the Asian group

而亚裔人群中

you see a totally different pattern

你会看到一个完全不同的趋势

where you see a more of a linear effect

CRP和睡眠长短之间

between CRP and sleep duration

存在一个更加明显的线性效应

So you have very different stories here

所以每个人群的情况不同

So when you lump all these groups together

如果将这些人群合在一起

you might get an interesting U shape

可能会得到一个有趣的U型

but there's more of the story

但这又属于另一种情况了

Then the question is

所以这里出现的问题是

does this mean that CRP is the bad marker?

CRP是不是一个不良标志物?

Well, no

不是的

anything I would say at least

至少从我们有限的已知情况而言

we know what the limitations are

答案是否定的

I mean any marker that we look at

我们关注的任何标志物

we may find these sorts of differences stratifying

都会因为性别和人种

by gender and by race

而出现差别分化

课程简介和演讲视频

课程简介
本套课程讲解了睡眠对健康的多重影响。睡眠不足会改变身体的内分泌系统，打破激素的平衡，扰乱大脑对食物的选择和摄取从而引发肥胖，严重影响胰岛素的平衡进而引发糖尿病。不同年龄段的人群有不同的睡眠需求，一般而言，年轻人的睡眠需求高于老年人，但所有成年人都应保证每天8小时的睡眠时间。

老年人的睡眠时间减少并不是生理变化的自然结果，而是其他疾病造成的影响，衰老本身并不会降低睡眠需求。常见的睡眠障碍包括失眠、睡眠呼吸障碍、四肢不宁综合症、快速眼动期行为失调，患者需要就具体的睡眠障碍咨询专业的睡眠医生，确诊后有针对性的改善睡眠，进而提高整体的健康状况。

不同的睡眠障碍有不同的治疗方式，但认知行为疗法是所有治疗方法的首选，其次是器械治疗、药物治疗以及外科手术治疗。患者应养成良好的睡眠习惯，培养“睡眠卫生习惯”，改善睡眠质量，尽量避免擅自用药和药物滥用。