原文视听

even before the onset of menopause

出现的睡眠问题

So when we look at hot flushes and sleep

我们开始注意到潮热和睡眠问题

we are back in the 88 when I was in Seattle

是在1988年的西雅图

We looked at women who were peri-menopausal

我们研究的对象是围绝经期妇女

who had the symptoms and didn't have symptoms

她们有的已经出现了症状 有的则没有

In the sleep lab

在睡眠实验室

there was really very little difference

她们的多导睡眠图所反映出的客观数据

in their objective polysomnographic sleep

并没有太大的差别

The difference between wake time of 10% and 13%

分别为10%和13%

is almost nothing

它们之间的差别几乎可以忽略不计

We've had other people who replicated

有的研究人员不相信我们的研究结果

that a few years later didn't believe us

他们几年之后重复了我们的试验

and then looked at other women flushers and non-flushers

对存在潮热和没有潮热的妇女进行了研究

and there's just only about 5% difference

她们夜间醒来的比例

between their wake time during the night

差别也只有5%

so not enough to explain all the complaints

这个差别不足以说明

about their insomnia during menopause

绝经期失眠的原因

Hormone replacement therapy actually

激素替代疗法事实上

helped reduce the symptom experience and complaints

能够降低患者的症状

but it had no effect on sleep changes and the stages

但对睡眠各阶段的构成

or the architecture of sleep

以及睡眠结构没有任何的影响

Women we did learn from these are CT...

我们从CT上得知

hormone replacement therapy studies was that

激素替代疗法研究显示

there is a very low incidence of periodic limb movements during sleep

这个年龄段的女性

for women in this age group

睡着时的间歇性肢体活动并不多

and a low incidence of sleep disordered breathing

睡眠呼吸障碍的发生率也不高

we see quite higher incidence of this in man

而男性这种情况比较多

And it is thought that progesterone

人们认为孕酮

was protective of breathing issues for women

可以保护女性不会出现睡眠呼吸障碍

and once menopause hit

但一旦进入绝经期

women would have similar rates

女性的睡眠呼吸障碍发生率

of sleep disorder breathing and sleep apnea

和男性一样高

but that doesn't seem to be the case

但实际情况并非如此

It's much more associated with obesity

造成睡眠呼吸障碍的原因更多的是肥胖

than with hormones

而不是激素

Freedman and Roehrs in Detroit

来自底特律的弗里曼和罗尔斯

actually didn't believe anybody either

也不相信别人的研究结果

They did their own study of symptomatic midlife women

他们亲自对中年妇女的症状进行了研究

and they were scratching their heads after this study

研究结果也让他们困惑不已

But they did point out that with very good methodology

但他们确实提供了一种很好的研究方法

women were having about 5 hot flushes during the night

女性每晚平均出现5次潮热

and they range from 1 to 18

最少1次 最多18次

课程简介和演讲视频

课程简介
本套课程讲解了睡眠对健康的多重影响。睡眠不足会改变身体的内分泌系统，打破激素的平衡，扰乱大脑对食物的选择和摄取从而引发肥胖，严重影响胰岛素的平衡进而引发糖尿病。不同年龄段的人群有不同的睡眠需求，一般而言，年轻人的睡眠需求高于老年人，但所有成年人都应保证每天8小时的睡眠时间。老年人的睡眠时间减少并不是生理变化的自然结果，而是其他疾病造成的影响，衰老本身并不会降低睡眠需求。常见的睡眠障碍包括失眠、睡眠呼吸障碍、四肢不宁综合症、快速眼动期行为失调，患者需要就具体的睡眠障碍咨询专业的睡眠医生，确诊后有针对性的改善睡眠，进而提高整体的健康状况。不同的睡眠障碍有不同的治疗方式，但认知行为疗法是所有治疗方法的首选，其次是器械治疗、药物治疗以及外科手术治疗。患者应养成良好的睡眠习惯，培养“睡眠卫生习惯”，改善睡眠质量，尽量避免擅自用药和药物滥用。