原文视听

The score above 5 is indicative

如果得分在5分以上

of sleep severely disturbed sleep

就表明她们的睡眠受到了严重的干扰

All our women were above 5

我们的所有女性参与者的得分都在5分以上

and these are healthy women in the community

而这些女性都是社区中的健康女性

But women without children and with children, it didn't matter

无论她们是否和孩子住在一起

Their scores weren't really very different significantly

她们的得分都没有实质上的区别

Employed and unemployed women

职业妇女和非职业妇女的

didn't differ on their self-report

自述情况并没有太大的不同

There was no relation with having to get up to urinated night

和是否夜间需要起床小便

or hot flushes, or exercise

或是否有潮热 是否锻炼

alcohol and caffeine

是否饮酒和服用咖啡因都没有什么关系

which we think would be a problem

而我们之前认为这些因素都很重要

And there was no relationship with low fat diet

和低脂饮食也没有多大的关系

When we looked though single women versus married women

当我们看到单身女性和已婚女性的差别时

it was the partnered women

有伴侣的女性

who had better sleep by self-report than the single women

比单身女性的自述睡眠质量更好

That just shock my theory all apart

这颠覆了我们原来的理论

because I was thinking it was women

因为我一直认为

who had the noisy bed partner

床伴发出的声音会影响已婚女性的睡眠

but it was really the single women

但睡眠出现问题的

who had much more problems with their sleep

却是单身女性

As we found in lots of other studies

和我们的其他研究结论一样

it's smokers in the Bay Area

湾区的吸烟女性

they are 22% who smoke

大约占到22%

and their self-report sleep

她们自述的睡眠障碍

was much worse than non-smokers

要比不吸烟的女性高得多

It was also worse for African Americans in our sample

样本中的非洲裔美国人睡眠质量尤为糟糕

Let me show you some of these data

我给大家看看数据

This is... the blue bar is African American

蓝色部分表示非洲裔美国人

the orange bar is European American Caucasian

橙色部分为欧洲裔的白种人

and the green bar is Latinas

绿色部分为拉丁裔

With self-report

从自述方面看

the African American women were above 5 on the scale

非洲裔美国人的得分都在5分以上

and the other two groups of women were close to 5

另外两组女性的得分接近5分

When we ask them

当我们问到

how much sleep they got during the weekdays

工作日她们睡多长时间时

it was about 7 hours less than the Caucasian and Latinas

她们的睡眠时间要比白人和拉丁裔少7个小时

On weekends, as most people do

和很多人一样 到了周末

get another 30 minutes or so of sleep

她们会多睡30分钟以上

and sleep over 7, almost 8 hours of sleep on weekends

周末睡上7个多8个小时

课程简介和演讲视频

课程简介
本套课程讲解了睡眠对健康的多重影响。睡眠不足会改变身体的内分泌系统，打破激素的平衡，扰乱大脑对食物的选择和摄取从而引发肥胖，严重影响胰岛素的平衡进而引发糖尿病。不同年龄段的人群有不同的睡眠需求，一般而言，年轻人的睡眠需求高于老年人，但所有成年人都应保证每天8小时的睡眠时间。老年人的睡眠时间减少并不是生理变化的自然结果，而是其他疾病造成的影响，衰老本身并不会降低睡眠需求。常见的睡眠障碍包括失眠、睡眠呼吸障碍、四肢不宁综合症、快速眼动期行为失调，患者需要就具体的睡眠障碍咨询专业的睡眠医生，确诊后有针对性的改善睡眠，进而提高整体的健康状况。不同的睡眠障碍有不同的治疗方式，但认知行为疗法是所有治疗方法的首选，其次是器械治疗、药物治疗以及外科手术治疗。患者应养成良好的睡眠习惯，培养“睡眠卫生习惯”，改善睡眠质量，尽量避免擅自用药和药物滥用。