听力文本

Researchers predicted in a new report published in the journal Opthalmology that by 2050, half of the world's population will be short-sighted. The medical term for this condition is myopia. It is also known as near-sightedness. It is when we have difficulty focusing on objects that are far away from us. The researchers say that around 4.8 billion people will suffer from myopia. This is a seven-fold increase in cases from 2000 to 2050. Sixty years ago, around 15 per cent of the Chinese population was short-sighted. Now, almost 90 per cent of Chinese teenagers and young adults have trouble seeing faraway objects. A recent survey found that up 95 per cent of teenagers in South Korea are near-sighted.

The researchers said they could not pinpoint definite reasons for this phenomenon and say it could be a combination of factors. They did say that looking at computer screens and mobile phones could be a leading cause. Researchers said the sudden rise in myopia may be linked to "lifestyle changes resulting from a combination of decreased time outdoors and increased near-work activities". Science journalist Sarah Zhang said, "spending time outdoors, especially in early childhood, reduces the onset of myopia". Professor Kovin Naidoo, a co-author of the report, offered some advice. He said: "You could spend a long time reading computers and screens, but also spend two hours outdoors."

中文翻译

《美国眼科学杂志》发布最新报告，据研究人员预测，截止到2050年，全球将有半数人口患近视;O8k&]|PPo*。近视的医学名词为“myopia”jCAW8HT=i.Op。也被人们称之为短视^+ZJ_6[hAZcHLXzg!d)6。症状为无法看清远处物体iKXYM)t!%Tuy。据研究人员所说，约48亿人口将患近视Ubq_dUZMWM7。从2000年到2050年，全球近视人口预计将增长七倍,^qSY]-57;wwF。六年前，约15%的中国人口近视=Yek+ZHs;XAu#5。如今，近90%青少年，年轻人受此困扰xCXK&d=nKqgU~_85];i。近期研究发现，韩国青少年近视高达95%vesDZyaedbWf@PNI。

据研究人员表示，他们无法准确说明原因，有可能是各因素共同导致%~Gu&N(=,&l)9Y[。电脑和手机很有可能是主因q@qp;t&[OpM]fhk。研究人员认为，近视率的突然升高很有可能与生活方式改变有关，户外运动减少，长时间室内工作增加21;,S&7oL;zXxw&g#5q。科学记者萨拉·张表示：“增加户外活动能够预防近视，特别是儿童~r=ir!SuOI9f(~。”报告联合作者科温·奈杜教授推荐了几种建议C^b[D|=ulU;v1nnq*。他认为：“你可以花时间看电脑，看屏幕，但还要花两个小时进行户外锻炼P3%WaEi9dGoTjjq8x。”

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重点讲解

1.result from 由……造成

例句：Her blindness of both eyes resulted from a traffic accident.

她的双目失明是由于一次交通事故造成的4TyyVK_Cq@@S#vBTexN。

2.focus on 集中

例句：He finds it hard to focus his thoughts on one thing for longer than five minutes.

他发现他很难把他的注意力集中在一件事情上超过五分钟*Ru|99^~A5hGEHfBS。

3.short-sighted 近视的

例句：This short-sighted policy led to fatal results.

这个目光短浅的政策导致了致命的后果o6FJ2i(tWEXwKt。

4.known as 被称为

例句：Right now it's known as a living fossil, but the frilled shark may be on its way to joining its ancestors.

现在被认为是“活化石”，但皱鳃鲨可能也会走上它祖先的道路上36_w43_b3Z。

听力题目

1.What kind of publication was the report published in?

a) a book

b) a newspaper

c) an in-flight magazine

d) a journal

2.What is the medical name for short-sightedness?

a) myriad

b) myopia

c) bipolar

d) bionic

3.How many people will be short-sighted by 2050?

a) around 4.9 billion

b) around 4.6 billion

c) around 4.3 billion

d) around 4.8 billion

4.When was it that 15% of the Chinese population was short-sighted?

a) in the 1600s

b) 1600

c) 60 years ago

d) 16 years ago

5.In which country are almost 95% of teenagers near-sighted?

a) Bolivia

b) Angola

c) China

d) South Korea

6.What could researchers not pinpoint regarding this phenomenon?

a) exact terms

b) figures

c) definite reasons

d) numbers

7.What has decreased because of lifestyle changes?

a) time spent outdoors

b) eyeballs

c) the outdoors

d) inside

8.What is Sarah Zhang's job?

a) dentist

b) ophthalmologist

c) journalist

d) researcher

9.When do people particularly need to spend time outside?

a) lunch times

b) in early childhood

c) at night

d) in the morning

10.How many hours did the co-author say people should spend outside?

a) 2

b) 3

c) 4

d) 5

听力答案

1.d

2.b

3.d

4.c

5.d

6.c

7.a

8.c

9.b

10.a