(单词翻译:单击)
听力文本
The famous 19th-century fairy tale collector Wilhelm Grimm suggested fairy tales dated back thousands of years. Scientists now support his theory and claim that many of the fairy tales we know and love could be over 4,000 years old. Anthropologist Jamshid Tehrani and folklorist Sara da Silva say the oldest known fairy tale dates back over 6,000 years to the Bronze Age. This is a time between the Stone Age and Iron Age when humans first started making tools from metal. Dr Tehrani studied the evolution of our early languages. He found strong links between a tale called "The Smith and the Devil" and the Proto-Indo-European language an ancient common language that dates to around 6,000 ago.
The two scientists analysed 275 tales for elements of culture that existed before modern languages like English, French and Italian. They say well-known tales like "Beauty and the Beast" and "Rumplestiltskin" are at least 4,000 years old. Dr Tehrani said: "It's remarkable that these stories have survived so long without being written down. They are older than the English language and would have been first told in a language that is now extinct." Many of the fairy tales we know today were first written down in the 17th century. Dr Tehrani says the new findings suggest that: "A substantial number of magical tales have existed in Indo-European oral traditions long before they were written down."
中文翻译
19世纪著名童话搜集家威廉·格林认为，童话故事可以追溯到数千年前。如今，科学家支持这一论断，并认为许多我们耳熟能详的童话故事或有4000多年历史。人类学家贾姆希德·德黑兰尼以及民俗学家萨拉·席尔瓦认为，许多“化石”级童话故事可以追溯到6000多年前的铜器时代。这一时段处于石器时代和铁器时代之间，人类也是从那时起开始用金属制造器具。德黑兰尼对早期语言进行了研究。他发现童话故事“史密斯和恶魔”与原始印欧语关系密切，这种古代语言能够追溯到约6000年前。
两位科学家对275个童话故事中的文化因素进行了研究，它们的历史甚至要早于像英语、法语以及意大利语的存在时间。他们认为像“美女与野兽”“侏儒怪”这样的童话故事至少有4000年的历史。德黑兰尼认为：“这些童话故事能够以口头形式流传至今，这确实太不可思议。这些童话比英语还要古老，而最先通过口头表达的语言也已经不复存在。”许多我们现在熟悉的童话都是在17世纪以书面形式流传下来。德黑兰尼博士认为新研究发现表明：“大量童话在原始印欧语的口述就已存在，并比书面流传时间早得多。”
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重点讲解
1.fairy tale 童话
例句：The story ascends from a gothic tragedy to a miraculous fairy-tale.
故事从一个哥特式悲剧升华为神奇的童话。
2.Stone Age 石器时代
例句：Stone Age settlers fashioned necklaces from sheep'steeth.
石器时代的移居者用羊的牙做成项链。
3.Iron Age 铁器时代
例句：Iron came later, in what was called the Iron Age.
后来, 也就是在所谓的铁器时代出现了铁器.
4.Bronze Age 铜器时代
例句：Quality data is the key to any advancement, whether it is from the Stone Age to the Bronze Age.
质量数据是任何地位的关键，无论是从石器时代到青铜器时代。
听力题目
1.When was Wilhelm Grimm alive?
a) 1767-1829
b) 1922
c) some time between 1900-1999
d) the 19th century
2.What field of study / research is Jamshid Tehrani in?
a) archaeology
b) anthropology
c) literacy
d) English literature
3.What is between the Stone Age and Iron Age?
a) the Fairy Tale Age
b) the Copper Age
c) the Digital Age
d) the Bronze Age
4.What did Jamshid Tehrani study the evolution of?
a) humans
b) Rumpelstilskin
c) our early languages
d) metal
5.When does the Proto-Indo-European language date back to?
a) 1901
b) 4,000 years ago
c) 3,000 BC
d) around 6,000 years ago
6.How many fairy tales did scientists analyse?
a) 274
b) 276
c) 275
d) 277
7.How old is the fairy tale 'Beauty and the Beast'?
a) over 4,000 years old
b) exactly 4,000 years old
c) around 4,000 years old
d) just under 4,000 years old
8.What did Dr Tehrani say the fairy tales were older than?
a) language
b) Stone
c) English
d) metal
9.When were today's fairy tales first written down?
a) 1752
b) the 17th century
c) 4,000 years ago
d) 6,000 years ago
10.How many magical tales existed before they were written down?
a) a substantial number
b) just a few
c) 275
d) over 10,000
听力答案
1.d
2.b
3.d
4.c
5.d
6.c
7.a
8.c
9.b
10.a
