听力文本

They wanted to take on issues of environment that had been completely ignored before
他们认为是时候重视过去一直被忽略的环境问题
The frontier was close now, species were going extinct
随着人类开辟范围增大，很多物种濒临灭绝
There were issues associate with environment that come on initially with the progressives
还有很多相关的环境问题都是由这场进步运动最先提出的
They're interested in some social welfare, They want child labor laws
他们还关注一下社会福利相关的问题，他们希望制定保护童工的法律
They want limited work day
限定每日的最高工作时长
It's a serials of reform
他们推行一系列社会相关的改革
They're also in some cases, even though it's a top-down movement
与此同时，虽然这是个自上而下的运动
They're pushing for a more direct democracy
他们同样致力于推行更直接的民主
They agreed on the direct election of senators
他们一致认为参议员选举应改为普选
The progressive is the first who start pushing things like recall elected officials, initiatives of referendum
进步主义者是最先提出撤销不合格官员，推行公民投票的群体
that comes out the progressive movement at the time
等提议都是当时进步运动的产物

but the Republicans in the 1900 they divided
但共和党在1900年并非意见一致
They have the Old Guard which want the things as they were
有一部分人是守旧派，他们希望一切保留原样
and they got this new strong progressive movement
当他们面对这场来势汹汹的进步运动
so as often happens, they end up with a progressive as the vice presidential candidate
最后结果是，他们折中选取了一位进步主义者做副总统候选人
who was often pilloried at the time Theodore Roosevelt, see here how is the pic did
那就是当时常常被人挖苦的西奥多·卢瑟福，看看这幅反进步运动的漫画
An anti-progressive cartoon as the wild eastern terror in the mild west, This is from Chicago
野蛮的东方用恐怖侵袭文化的西方，这幅画来自芝加哥
so he is portrayed as a wild crazy cowboy
西奥多被刻画出一个疯狂野蛮的牛仔
Of course he was from a very wealthy NY family, but he spent some years in South Dakota on a ranch
其实西奥多出身纽约的富裕之家，但他在南达科他州的农场呆过几年
had a very active vigorous approach
他认为应积极地解决面对的问题
at the government he was an ardent imperialist
在政治观念上他是个帝国主义者
but he was a progressive through and through
但同时他也是个彻头彻尾的进步主义者

视频及简介

这一集大致讲述了1920－1972年总统大选的历史与过程，主要以一战、1929大萧条、二战、美苏冷战为历史背景，穿插了西奥多罗斯福，富兰克林罗斯福，杜鲁门，肯尼迪等几位著名美国总统的竞选和执政经历。