听力文本

George Wallace formed, what they call the American Independent party I think and he won a number of states
华里士创立了一个好像是名为美国独立党的党派，他也赢得了好几个州的支持
And he did pretty well even all southern states but he did pretty well in some areas outside these south
他赢取了大部分的南方州，但在南部以外地区则战绩平平
And a lot of central valley California counties, he won up to 50%-20% of the vote some of these counties
在加州中央谷地区的一些县他也获得了20%-50%的支持率
So, yes, thank you for bringing that up
谢谢你的补充
Then he ran again he got shot and paralyzed which sort of undercut his next campaign
华里士本来想再次参选的，但他被枪击后致残，使他无法参加72年的大选
but he had probably swayed that election. Yes？
但他在68年的大选中也许是起了扭转局面的作用的。请问?
Yeah, great question! the question of this seemingly entire intuitive pattern
问得好！有些选情看起来是自发无规律的
Where we have poor states, and often counties voting for the republicans
例如一些穷困的州或县常倾向于共和党
Who generally have a platform that is more favorable to wealthy individuals
然而共和党的政纲其实是更有利于富人的
That's something a lot of people have written about, some of you may have read the book "what's the matter of Kansas"
不少作者都写过这个现象，不知道有没有人读过《阿肯色怎么了》
which precisely addresses this issue
这本书详细叙述了这种现象

Where in Kansas you have yes, it's a mid-income state but it's very very heavily republican voting
阿肯色作为一个收入中等的州却非常支持共和党
There was one time back in the late 1920s, it had a strong popular of left leaning movement
在20世纪20年代末，那里曾掀起过一场轰烈的左倾运动
But that disappeared and become real bulwork of the republican party
这场运动结束后，阿肯色就成了坚定的共和党阵营
A book that I brought up Andrew Gelman's "red state, blue state, rich state, poor state" tries to take that on and explain it
我曾介绍过安德鲁格尔曼写的《红色州，蓝色州，富裕州，贫困州》这本书中也解释过这个现象
You'll see while if you look at Kansas actually
如果你深入了解阿肯色选情
the poor people live in Kansas do vote much more to democrats than the rich people of Kansas
会发现阿肯色的穷人其实还是倾向民主党的，与富人相比
But the poor in Kansas voting about 50% for the democrats and 50% for the republicans
但阿肯色的穷人约只有50%支持民主党，50%支持共和党
Whereas the wealthier voting 70%,80% for the republicans
富人中却有70%80%支持共和党
His argument in "what's the matter with Kansas" yes, it's precisely the cultural issues
在《阿肯色怎么了》一书中作者将这种现象归结到文化差异上
it's abortion, it's gay rights, it's gun control, it's those issues
表现在堕胎，同性恋者权益，枪支控制诸如此类的事件
Gelman thinks that simplistic though
但格尔曼认为这种看法过于简单化
He thinks we can just as easy as we say what's the matter with Connecticut?
他认为我们不能也这样简单的回答康涅狄格怎么了？
What's the matter with Colorado
科罗拉多怎么了
Why is these very wealthier areas are voting seemingly against their economic
interest
为什么这些富裕的州选择支持与其经济利益相悖的政党

视频及简介

本课程结合大量地图，探索了美国总统大选（包括过去和现在）中的地理学，并且对仅仅简单把美国分为红州（共和党）和蓝州（民主党）这一说法提出挑战。现实中，美国社会两党的情况，远比这种简单的两分法要复杂。