听力文本

What else? how about income?
还有什么其他因素影响选民的投票倾向?收入?
We've started talk about income
我们之前谈过一点收入的影响
So let me continue with that and here's we get really interesting
现在继续讨论一下，研究这个话题是很有意思的
Because the paradox we'll see in a second
因为很快我们就会发现一些很矛盾的现象
We just take household income 2006 median household income
我们对06年的家庭收入中位数进行分析
The green states here, the wealthier states
图中的绿色州较为富裕
The yellow states the poor states
黄色州较为贫穷
And we see good but imperfect correlation with our "red blue voting" pattern
我们看到图中的颜色分布规律与红蓝选情相似但也有一些差异
We see the wealthiest part of the country from New Hampshire,
我们从图中可以看到美国最富裕的州，新罕布什尔，
Massachusetts Connecticut, New Jersey, Maryland very clear pattern here
马萨诸塞 康涅狄格，新泽西，以及马里兰,我们在图中看得非常清楚
And that's very strong Democratic voting area
这些富裕区域是民主党的忠实支持者
We see the upper great lakes some relatively wealthy states like Illinois and Minnesota
我们看到在大湖区有较为富裕的伊利诺伊和明尼苏达
We see in the Pacific coast some relatively well-off states like California and Washington
在太平洋沿岸有较为富裕的加州和华盛顿州
But then we also have some exceptional patterns
但也有一些比较例外的情况
We find Utah which is one of the wealthier states
犹他是最为富裕的州之一
And one of the most Republican voting states
但它是共和党最忠实的支持者之一
By sometimes the most Republican voting states
有时候是最忠实的
What is interesting though,
有趣的是
this is household income it comes out differently if you do per capita
我们现在看到是家庭收入，从人均收入的角度观察，情况会大有不同
Utah will be much lower in per capita
犹他州的人均收入较之家庭收入低得多
because Utah has large families and high fatality rate
因为犹他州有很多大家族而且死亡率很高
So what you choose to map can lead to very different patterns
因此根据不同数据绘制出的地图显示出的结果也大相径庭

What do we see here
我们还能发现什么?
How good is the correlation
收入和投票倾向关联如何
We can see a relatively poor area in the northern plains
我们看见北部平原地区相对贫穷
North Dakota, South Dakota and Montana, yes Republican voting
如北达科他，南达科他和蒙大拿，没错，它们都支持共和党
A poor area across most of the south with Virginia be quite an exception
贫穷区域贯穿美国南部但弗吉尼亚是个例外
Georgia, Florida and Texas exceptional as well
乔治亚，佛罗里达，德州也是例外
And that correlations are fairly closely but again, imperfectly
可见人均收入与投票倾向关系密切，但这种关系也不是绝对的
Arizona, another Republican voting state relatively well-off as well
例如亚利桑那州，另一个支持共和党的州是一个相对富裕的州
We can look at some other ways of doing this
我们还可以通过另一种方式进行比较
Take the wealthiest states in the country by again median household income
选出最富裕的几个州，按家庭收入的多少进行排列
Look at the percentage of people voting for Kerry and what do we see
并对比这几个州中选民对克里的支持率,你发现了什么
Well, New Jersey 53%, Maryland 56%, Hawaii 54% Connecticut 54% and so on
他的支持率分别为: 新泽西53%、马里兰56% 、夏威夷54%、康涅狄格54%
We don't really get an exception until we hit Alaska
阿拉斯加是第一个没选民主党的富裕州
Which has a relatively wealthy state
这是一个相对富裕的州，
although also a very expensive state to live in
该州居住成本很高
With a very Republican voting pattern
同时也是一个忠实的共和党支持者
And then Utah, we hit it again with even more Republican voting pattern
然后我们看到犹他州，又一个例外，该州是一个更为忠实的共和党支持者
Virginia 45% although we'll talk about later
弗吉尼亚45%,稍后我们会讨论讨论它的情况
Virginia now is trending to Democrats about the same margin
现在大选中民主党在弗吉尼亚的支持率约为55%
So there can be a shift
因此今年它也许会转而支持民主党
I don't know how about anyone when I saw this
不知道你是否也有同感,当我看到这幅图时
I was surprised California came as low as it did that surprises anyone?
我对加州的家庭收入之低感到惊讶有人和我一样感到奇怪吗?
Here's the answer
让我来告诉你原因
States with high and low income inequality
这幅地图反映了各州的收入差距
The darker the state the higher the income inequality
颜色越深的州，收入不平等越显著
And California is off the charts there
加州的不平等明显比其他州严重

视频及简介

本课程结合大量地图，探索了美国总统大选（包括过去和现在）中的地理学，并且对仅仅简单把美国分为红州（共和党）和蓝州（民主党）这一说法提出挑战。现实中，美国社会两党的情况，远比这种简单的两分法要复杂。