听力文本

Garfield county, Montana over 90% Republican voting
共和党在蒙大拿的加菲尔德县获得超过90%的支持率
But only 633 voters there so if not that many
不过那里只有663个选民，有点少
As only a few counties can come out at over 90%
但很少县支持一个党能达到90%
but we see a very dark red swath
我们看到一片非常深红的区域
From Texas through Oklahoma and Kansas Nebraska up into to Montana, Wyoming
从德州向俄克拉荷马，堪萨斯延伸，覆盖内布拉斯加，蒙大拿，怀俄明
but these are sparse populated areas
但这一大片区域都是人口很稀少的
Which, of course where the Democrat will joy they would be
这对民主党人来说当然是个好消息
Ok, why don't we talk counties
让我们来研究研究县级选情
Let's make county cartograms
做一幅县级的统计地图
so we can see Los Angles county with its 10 million people
我们看到洛杉矶县有近千万人口
Cook county with over 5 million
库克县有500万人口
there's Longisland
还有长岛（纽约附近）
A very different pattern indeed
我们看到了非常不同的分布情形
in this pattern it looks pretty geographically balanced doesn't it?
这样的地理分布，其实是较为均匀的
We have many areas in the south
南部有很多地区
That'll be Atlanta and some of Atlanta suburbs not all by any means
如亚特兰大及其城郊地区
Big blue area here
有大面积的蓝色区域
I'll talk about some of these individual counties a bit later on
我们以后会单独分析一些县的选情
But you can see, ok
你还可以从图中看到
from Austin up to Kansas City, Yeah, that's a pretty big solid red area
从奥斯丁到堪萨斯城都是大片的忠实的共和党获胜区
But by in large
但总体而言
The rest of the country pretty much have these divisions. Yes
两种颜色在地图上的分布还是比较均匀的
very blue up here and over there as well
蓝色区域分布在各处
Well, what else can we do with it?
接下来我们要做什么呢?

Now, we go back to another of these maps from University of Michigan. Let's just go back to counties
现在我们来看另外一幅由密歇根大学合成的地图。继续看县级的情况
But let's show purple America
这次我们看到的是紫色的美国
Let's show purple counties
充满了紫色的县
You can see on this map a lot of counties shows out very purple pretty evenly divided
你可以从这幅地图看到很多紫色的县而且他们地理分布均匀，
a huge area from much of Minnesota Wisconsin
包括明尼苏达和威斯康辛的大部分地区
virtually all of Iowa, down into northern Missouri and Missouri Ozark, again we're going very strongly Republican
基本上整个爱荷华已经密苏里西部和密苏里的奥扎克县都是深红的共和党获胜区
We get down to Arkansas it's very purple area
接下来密苏里南面的阿肯色，深紫色
parts of Louisiana, parts of Tennessee
路易斯安那和田纳西的部分地区
west Virginia, parts of Ohio as well
弗吉尼亚西部，俄亥俄部分地区
big swath in North Carolina, even big areas in New England and upstate New York
以及北加州的狭长区域整个新英格兰地区纽约州北部
very clearly purple areas
都是明显的紫色区域
Oh, yes, there are some. Oh, yes?
那里还有些。好的，有问题?
They would have a metric
不同的颜色是由具体的衡量标准的
I don't know, to precisely the cut off figures
我不知道具体的分割点是多少
but it's probably anywhere within 10% voting margin or so
例如某地区的获胜党，获胜比例小于10%
I think they're labeling a purple
绘图者就将该地区描为紫色
Yes, you have to actually check out their website
你可以去他们的网站了解一下
To see what their cut-off point are
看看不同颜色的分隔点是什么
The question is how are they defining
问题在于他们将
what biggest category is purple versus what going to state blue or red
支持率为多少的州划为紫色以及红色和蓝色
In this red zone, you can see some very blue counties
在这片红色区域，你看到很多蓝色的县
American-Indian reservations in just about all cases
这些都是印第安人保护区
Later on I'll show you the maps of some these states
迟些我会具体给你们看这些州的地图

视频及简介

本课程结合大量地图，探索了美国总统大选（包括过去和现在）中的地理学，并且对仅仅简单把美国分为红州（共和党）和蓝州（民主党）这一说法提出挑战。现实中，美国社会两党的情况，远比这种简单的两分法要复杂。