听力文本

forming one faction that became known as the "federalist " and actually that was the faction of Washington himself incline toward
其中一派就是后世所知的联邦党人，而华盛顿本人也倾向这一派
The federalist wanted a strong national government
联邦党人希望建立一个强大的国家政府
They wanted internal improvement
他们希望进行公共设施建设
They wanted the government to put money into things like canals and roads
希望政府能将资金投入运河和道路等基础设施的建设
They wanted a fairly strong military
他们还想组建强大的军事力量
Basically they want to build a state
他们的初衷就是建立一个完整的国家
and the opposition led by Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, Monroe and few others mostly Virginians
而另一派由杰斐逊、麦迪逊，门罗和其他几个弗吉尼亚人组成
Sometimes called republicans at that time
他们有时被称为共和党人
Sometimes called democratic republicans
有时被称为民主共和党人
Sometimes simply called Jeffersonias
有时直接被称为杰斐逊派
They were very skeptical of strong state
他们对大政府表示怀疑
They were afraid that would lead to a monarchy
他们担心这会导致君主政治
They were afraid that would lead to tyranny
会导致专制主义
They wanted to diffuse power
他们想将权力分散

They wanted the states to have the most of the authority
希望各州掌握自己的权力
They wanted very small government
他们主张建立小政府
They wanted low taxation
提倡低税收
You can see just hearing that you can understand why Jefferson is looked back to by both democrats and republicans today
仅仅通过这些主张你就能够了解，为什么杰斐逊的主张得到民主党和共和党人一致的欣赏
because each group can take some of his ideas and sort of see them as its own
两党从他的主张中各取所需并把它融入自己的纲领
At the time he was seen as certainly by his federalist competitors
当时杰斐逊无疑被看做联邦党人的竞争对手
He was seen as quite a radical and often was seen as inclining too much towards the French revolution
他被视作激进分子，人们认为他过于崇尚法国大革命
And too radical ideas that were spreading in Europe at that time
和当时在欧洲盛行的激进思想
but he certainly was a small government type geography starts to appear in the first contested election
但事实上他提倡的是小政府地理格局，开始出现在第一次有竞争的大选中
that between John Adams, the federalist and Jefferson of Democratic Republican,Or Jeffersonian I think we should probably call it in 1796
双方分别为联邦党的亚当斯和民主共和党的杰斐逊，也称为杰斐逊派，1796年的时候人们可能是这么叫的

视频及简介

课程以美国总统大选为主线，详细讲述了从1789美国的第一任总统上任到南北战争时期每次大选的详情。期间穿插了英美战争，美墨战争，1820密西比妥协，南北矛盾的逐步激化等历史事件。