听力文本

This map however doesn't show us everything
还有很多其他细节这幅地图没有体现
We have to look at individual state to see some details
若我们单独地看一个州的选情能够看到一些细节
For example, in this map of Montana
例如，在这幅蒙大拿州的地图中
we see that a handful of Democrats voting counties are either American Indian reservations
我们能看到少数几个支持民主党的县，这些县大部分是印第安原住民保护区
we also find mining areas with lots of unions of labor
泛蓝县城还包括一些产矿区，这些区域里生活了很多矿工
and we also find a college town University of Montana
还有一个县是个大学城。蒙大拿大学坐落于此
In neighbor, Idaho even more Republicans voting state
在与其相邻的爱达荷州共和党的支持率更高
we see one Democrats voting county
我们只看到一个支持民主党的县
And it happened to be the location of sun valley a major ski resort
这个县恰巧是太阳谷的所在地，一个很大的滑雪度假胜地

And it so happened that so the Democrats voting counties tend to be the richest counties and poorest counties in the Untied States
这也许是种巧合，支持民主党的县要不就很富，要不就很穷
We can't explain all the county level, however based on these demographic characteristics
但也并不是所以县级的选情分布都可以用当地的人口特征来解释
In Tennessee, in the north we see a number of Democratic voting counties
在北方的田纳西州，我们看到一些支持民主党的县
They are almost entirely white relatively poor very rural and very heavily baptist in their religion's orientation
这些县里住的几乎都是白人，比较贫穷，大部分为农村，且居住了很多浸礼教徒
To explain this I think we have to look it historically
要解释这些地区的选情，必须考虑其历史因素
There was one time when the voting pattern in the United State was almost entirely reversed
曾经美国大选选情的地理分布和现在几乎是截然不同的
1896, we see William Jennings Bryan , the Democrat winning the south and mid-west
1896年，民主党人詹宁斯布莱恩赢得了南部和中西部州的选票
and losing the west coast the upper mid-west and north eastern states
在西部海岸上中西部和东北部的州则一败涂地
and even as recently as 1976 Jimmy Carter ran very well, in the south and not so well in the west or certain states in New England
即使近到1976年的大选，吉米卡特（蓝色）也拿下了一下南部州，反而在西部和一些新英格兰地区不太理想
while what will happen in the 2008 election?
08年的美国大选又会出现怎样的情况呢
I suspect a lot of those counties in northern Tennessee will be shifting to the Republican party, we can't be sure
我猜测田纳西北部的很多县会改为支持共和党，不过这也很难说
it promises to be a exciting election with a lot of surprises and stories
但可以肯定的是这场大选将非常精彩，将有很多惊喜和故事发生
and I hope you stay with us to explore the geographical patterns together
我希望你能够和我们一起来探索美国大选的地理模式
Thank you very much
非常感谢

视频及简介

本课程结合大量地图，探索了美国总统大选（包括过去和现在）中的地理学，并且对仅仅简单把美国分为红州（共和党）和蓝州（民主党）这一说法提出挑战。现实中，美国社会两党的情况，远比这种简单的两分法要复杂。