听力文本

It's interesting in this election
这届大选中
one thing happening is a new movement is emerging again
另一个值得注意的事情是一个逐渐成熟的新运动
It sort of parallel to the populist but different, This is a progressive movement
这个运动与平民运动相似，但却不同，这是一个进步主义运动
Well, the populist were a movement for reform coming from below
平民运动呼吁改革，是自下而上的运动
The progressive is a very reform movement coming from above
这个进步运动也呼吁改革，但又上层发起
from the wealthy or more educated segment of the populist
发起者是平民中受过教育、又较为富裕的那一部分人
and basically both movement had picked this progressive were responding to the industrialization of the country
同时这两个进步运动都在以其自身方式应对着美国的工业化
which neither party really had addressed
两党都没有提出
They were not dealing with labor issues
关于劳工问题

They were not dealing with a lot of the dislocations of urbanization and so on
以及一些城市化所导致的混乱等问题的解决方法
The progressive movement tended to be very much opposed to the creation of trust monopolies that were emerging
进步运动非常反对托拉斯
monopolies in oil but in a huge array of other industries as well
反对在石油产业等其很多他产业上出现的垄断现象
Here's a political cartoon showing the copper trust
这是一幅讽漫画讽刺在铜矿业
in standard oil and the iron trust and the sugar trust and coal trust and others that I hadn't even heard that referring them to bosses of senate
标准油，铁矿业，制糖业、煤矿及其他各行业的托拉斯现象，讽刺参议院代表的是他们的利益
The progressive movement didn't respect party lines
进步运动并不遵从任一政党的政纲
and you found Democrats and Republicans, overall the Republicans a bit more
其成员既有共和党人也有民主党人，共和党人稍微多一点
What the progressive wanted to do was to sort of use experts to create a more efficient, economic system
进步运动的目的是汇集各路专家共同创立一个有效，经济的政治体系
experts working with the government to oversee and to regulate
有专家和政府一同合作来进行监管和规范

视频及简介

这一集大致讲述了1920－1972年总统大选的历史与过程，主要以一战、1929大萧条、二战、美苏冷战为历史背景，穿插了西奥多罗斯福，富兰克林罗斯福，杜鲁门，肯尼迪等几位著名美国总统的竞选和执政经历。