听力文本

Wal-Mart have started in Arkansas diffusing outwards
沃尔玛是在阿肯色周起家的，随后其经营范围向周边扩散
It's interesting that New Hampshire
有趣的是新罕布什尔州
A very independent purple state shows up there as well
一个非常独立的紫色州也在其经营范围内
What else trying to show here is the blue states
我还想表现出的一个观点是
Democratic states were generally associate with cosmopolitanism
亲民主党的州普遍地表现出一种世界主义的特征
I can not find any map shows that
我找不到任何能表现它们这种特征的地图
I don't know how would you measure that? How would you map it?
不知道你们怎么衡量世界主义的表现？怎样通过地图来展现这种特点？
I spend a long time trying to find maps this is the best I could do, not very good
我找了很久能表现这种特质的地图，但只找到这两幅，说明性并不太强

What about education?
我们再来看看教育因素对投票倾向的影响
Well, this shows again at the national level
现在你们看到的是一个全国范围内的统计数据
it looks like, education is clearly correlated with Democratic voting
现在来受教育程度越高的人越倾向于支持民主党
so this is the percent of the vote for Kerry in 2004
这是04年克里在各学历选民中的支持率
those who did not graduate from college has some college or less 47% voting for Kerry
那些没有上大学，或者大学没有毕业的人有47%支持克里
college degree or more evenly split and post-graduate degree 55% voting for Kerry
获得大学学位的选民中则刚好有一半支持他，有研究生学历的选民中55%支持克里
This sort of thing makes same like it's pretty clear
这个规律已经表现得很明显了
A substantial number of post-graduate people with post-graduate degrees voting for Bush
当然，仍然有大量的研究生支持布什
Yes, but we still see this tendency other ways of looking at it show us the same sort of thing
但这个趋势我们是可以看到的，从另一些数据分析我们可以得出同样的结果
what I done here is taking the most educated states as measured in percentive people who have bachelor degree of higher
这里衡量一个州教育水平的方法，是通过计算该州大学及以上学历人口占总人口比重
So starting with Massachusetts with 37% of the population
首先来看马萨诸塞州，有37%的人获得大学以上学历
this would be the highest states over here from the highest, from the top down to the top six
这是这里显示的几个州当中比例最高的，这里分别列出受教育最高最低的州各六个
and west Virginia this would be the lowest 15%
西维吉尼亚州是该比重最低的一个州，只有15%
with the bottom six states over here
它下面的是该比重最低的倒数六名
so we can see then the percent voting for Bush low except Colorado, another purple state
同时我们看到，除了科罗拉多，其他州对他支持率都较低，科罗拉多也是个摇摆州
state right now trending in the Democratic direction but voting pretty clearly for Bush 4 years ago
当前比较倾向于民主党，但4年前该州毫无疑问是支持布什的
New Hampshire right in the middle as far as voting goes
在新罕布什尔州两党支持率不相上下
But Maryland, New Jersey, Connecticut very clearly voting for John Kerry
但马里兰，新泽西和康涅狄格州都是明显支持约翰克里的
On the other side, it's even the pattern is more definite
再看右边的数据，规律更加明显
All states with low levels of education
所有教育程度低的州
as measured in this way voted pretty heavily for George Bush
衡量方法同上，都明显地支持乔治布什
Many of them, 60% of them are over
在好几个州布什的支持率甚至超过60%
you can see Alabama that was the strongest Republican voting states that we had.
你可以看到阿拉巴马州是显示数据中共和党支持率最高的一个
What's interesting is if we measure it in a different ways
有趣的是，如果用另一种方式来衡量教育程度
we find different patterns
会发现不一样的规律

视频及简介

本课程结合大量地图，探索了美国总统大选（包括过去和现在）中的地理学，并且对仅仅简单把美国分为红州（共和党）和蓝州（民主党）这一说法提出挑战。现实中，美国社会两党的情况，远比这种简单的两分法要复杂。