听力文本

There's a number of websites
通过一些网站
What's interesting is the pool of polls which aggregate all the polls and give you a number
有趣的是民意调查总和，就是把各种调查集合起来，计算出一个新的结果
But from one poll to another, there's some pretty major difference
但不同的调查之间有一些结果是非常不同的
I think Gallup is putting Obama ahead by 10 points
例如现在盖洛普调查显示奥巴马的支持率领先10%
There're a number of other polls putting him ahead by as few as 4 points
也有一些其他的调查显示他只领先4%
And if you take the Bradley effects in the play and if that 4 point was ture and it's neck and neck
再考虑到黑人候选人的布拉德利效应，若他只领先4%则实情可能是两党打成平手
Well, overall though most polls are showing you the data that I've shown
大部分民意调查的结果和我给你们看的数据差不多
Actually some of them were aggregates but yeah it's a very important issue
有一些是加权好几个调查的数据，但民意调查还是很重要的
Polls are imperfect we all know that. Yes ?
尽管我们都知道它不可能十全十美。请提问?
voting fraud? yes, ok there certainly have been a sort of allegation of voter fraud
选举作弊？的确有针对候选人的作弊行为进行起诉的情况

There been a lot of allegation from democrats in 2000 election and it's something we might talk about
两千年大选民主党人曾提过多次起诉，以后我们可能会细讲
When we talk about that election republicans are making allegation of voter fraud now
在我们介绍那年大选的时候会讲共和党人正在起诉有欺诈行为的投票人
In terms of registering unregistered voters and doing that in a fraudulent way.
称他们通过将未注册的选举人也录入注册系统并进行欺诈。
Yeah, It's a issue especially if you have one of these real close elections like 2000
这种问题的确存在尤其是在2000年选情如此接近的大选中
It can be huge, I mean it can decide the differences
这种欺诈造成的差异会是决定性的
A lot of people do think that election was a one by fraudulent
很多人都认为那场大选存在欺诈
and of course the other party argues against that
当然，共和党极力狡辩
In fact, the maps very much that's just one of the these unknowns, so take these maps with a grain of salt. Yes!
事实上，我们的地图也有欺骗性，里面有很多未必可信的成分，我们应用怀疑的态度来看待这些地图。请提问！
Yeah, 1960 real schrik of election, Kennedy was just barely beat Nixon
是的，1960年的大选是充满惊慌的，肯尼迪险胜尼克松
The story was Mayor Daley sort of guarantee them enough votes from Chicago to win
据称芝加哥市长达利曾变相承诺会帮肯尼迪拿下芝加哥
Texas had a lot of irregularities in their voting as well
那年德州的投票也有很多黑幕
The losing candidate accepted the results in 1960 and in 2000
但1960和2000年的竞选者都接受了竞选结果
And so it didn't become a huge issue
所以这些欺诈并没有受到更多关注

视频及简介

本课程结合大量地图，探索了美国总统大选（包括过去和现在）中的地理学，并且对仅仅简单把美国分为红州（共和党）和蓝州（民主党）这一说法提出挑战。现实中，美国社会两党的情况，远比这种简单的两分法要复杂。