视听文本

The Tsarevich Dmitry had died in 1591 under suspicious circumstances.
1591年，德米特里在备受质疑的环境中死去。
When Fyodor died in 1598, the line of Rurik's male descendants ended.
费奥多尔死于1598年，这样留里克的男性血脉就断了。
The Zemsky Sobor, or Popular Assembly, was once more summoned, and this democratic institution selected another Tsar.
缙绅会议，或者说全民会议再一次被召开，这个民主组织选举出另外一个沙皇。
This time, Boris Godunov. As the new Tsar, Boris Godunov made a promising start.
这次鲍里斯·戈杜诺夫成为新一任沙皇，鲍里斯·戈杜诺的统治有个良好的开端。
He made peace with Russia's northern enemies and tried to bring Russian education closer to Western standards.
他和俄罗斯北部的敌人议和，努力使俄国教育水平接近西方标准。
But he ran into bad luck.
但他运气不佳。

Famine struck very hard in 1601 and in 1602, causing the survivors to wonder whether Russia had somehow offended God.
1601年和1602年的严重饥荒使残存者怀疑俄罗斯是不是触犯了上帝。
The Boyars were definitely offended.
波雅尔当然是被冒犯了。
Taking orders from a descendant of Rurik was one thing.
听从留里克血统的命令是一回事，
It was quite another thing to have to obey a federal Boyar who had merely married into the royal family.
必须服从封建的波雅尔是另一回事，波雅尔只是和皇家联姻而已。
Boris for a while managed to keep his haters in check until he encountered his nemesis.
鲍里斯压制他讨厌的人直到他遭到报应。
The kind of character that only Russia seems able to produce, false Dmitry number one.
伪德米特里一世是只有俄罗斯才能产生的人物。

视频及简介

课程介绍:

本集讲解了：莫斯科大公国成为俄罗斯帝国、征集土地、伊凡雷帝统治时期、全篇总结俄罗斯成功的要素，详细说明波雅儿发展的来龙去脉。

原声视频：