视听文本

The Bolshevik or majority faction, led by Vladimir Ilyich Lenin,
由弗拉基米尔·伊里奇·列宁领导的布尔什维克或者多数派
wanted a smaller party of hardcore revolutionaries committed to kick-starting the revolution in Russia by whatever means Lenin ordered.
想要一个由中坚革命分子组成的小型政党，任何时候列宁一声令下他们就会掀起革命
Although the Bolsheviks had a majority in London back in Russia there were actually far more Mensheviks.
尽管布尔什维克在伦敦占多数，在俄国孟什维克党人数要多得多
The Bolsheviks fanaticism cut them off from the usual socialist sources of funding
狂热的布尔什维克自己切断了通常社会主义者依靠的资金来源
and made the Bolsheviks resort to expropriations, that is bank robbery or robbery of money in transit.
使得他们采用强制征收的手段，也就是抢银行或是抢劫运输中的钞票
One of the most talented expropriators was a young Georgian Ioseb Jughashvili, better know to history as Joseph Stalin.
其中一个最为才华横溢的抢劫者，是名年轻的格鲁吉亚人Ioseb Jughashvili，历史上更广为人知的名字是，约瑟夫·斯大林

In fact the Bolshevik were so weak that they were nearly invisible throughout the revolution of 1905.
事实上，布尔什维克党力量如此薄弱，1905年革命中他们几乎没起什么作用
Lev Trotsky who did play an important role in 1905 was a Menshevik at the time.
在1905年革命中，列夫·托洛斯基扮演了重要角色，那时他是孟什维克党人
He only joined the Bolsheviks in 1917.
他在1917年才加入的布尔什维克党
Why were the Bolsheviks so weak in the beginning?
为什么布尔什维克党开始时如此孱弱
Well the Tsar's secret police was watching them carefully.
沙皇的秘密警察的确在仔细地盯着他们
But they were watching the Mensheviks, the socialist revolutionaries and the other parties no less carefully.
但是他们在盯着的是孟什维克，而对社会主义革命者和其他党派并不太留意
The Mensheviks were more open to other people and other ideas.
孟什维克对其他人和观点要更加开放

视频及简介

课程介绍:

此课程介绍了十月革命前的苏联。

原声视频：