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Lenin himself was a Russian but he would not abide forcing Ukrainians, Balts, Belarusians, Caucasians and Poles into one big Russian state.
列宁自己是俄罗斯人，但是他不会容许强迫乌克兰人，波罗的海国家的人、高加索人和波兰人加入大俄罗斯
To him that was Tsarism all over again.
对他而言，这简直就是沙皇专制统治重现
Lenin wished to create a union of soviet socialist republics composed of the Belarusian, Ukrainian and trans-Caucasian
列宁希望创建一个苏维埃社会主义共和国联盟，由白俄罗斯人，乌克兰人和泛高加索人，
that is Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan socialist republics alongside the RSFSR.
即包括亚美尼亚人，格鲁吉亚人和阿塞拜疆人组成同苏俄一样成为社会主义共和国
Under Lenin's scheme each republic was officially equal, officially independent, ruled by its own communist party.
在列宁的构想下，每个共和国正式平等，独立由各自的共产党所统治
Additional republics could be added to the Soviet Union on an equal basis,
其他的共和国可以平等地加入苏联

much as at least in theory additional states could be added to the US under the northwest ordinance.
至少理论上讲同在《西北法令》条款之下，其他州可以加入美国是一样的
Again that was the theory.
同样，只是理论上讲而已
In fact the entire Soviet Union was under the all-Russian communist party, that is to say, the already existing communist party of the RSFSR.
事实上，整个苏联都处于全俄罗斯共产党，即现存的苏俄共产党控制之下
In December 1922 Lenin got his way.
1922年12月，列宁赢得了胜利
To avoid any appearance of russification the new republics were allowed to use their national languages and retain national traditions.
为了避免出现俄罗斯化的现象，新的共和国允许使用他们自己的民族语言，保持民族传统
Supposedly any republic could secede from the new Soviet Union whenever it wanted.
据说，任何共和国愿意的时候都可以脱离新生的苏联

视频及简介

课程介绍:

此课程介绍了十月革命前的苏联。

原声视频：