视听文本

While the Red Army was off fighting the White Russians the Finns claimed and kept their independence.
在红军同白色俄罗斯军战斗时，芬兰人宣布了独立并一直保持独立
When their newly restored Polish nation fought with Russia over Ukraine, Lenin had the Red Army chase the Poles back to Warsaw.
当新恢复的波兰民族同俄国就乌克兰的问题打仗时，列宁让红军将波兰人逐回华沙
As a Marxist, Lenin expected the Polish workers to join their communist liberators.
作为一名马克思主义者，列宁希望波兰工人能够加入他们共产主义解放者的大军
But his hopes were dashed when it turned out that Polish people of all classes just plain hated Russians, no matter what.
但他的希望破灭了，事实证明，各阶层的波兰人民不管怎样都憎恨着俄罗斯人
And as mentioned earlier the Ukrainians never did stop fighting the Russians.
而就像前面所提到过的那样，乌克兰人从未停止过与俄罗斯人的斗争
To worsen matters revolution broke out in two important and previously pacified areas.
更糟的是，革命在之前一直颇为和平的两大重大区域爆发了

In mid-1920 a socialist group called the Union of Toiling Peasants revolted in Tambov province.
在20世纪20年代中期，一个叫做劳动农民联盟的社会主义小组在坦波夫省起义
The Tambov Rebellion was not the first peasant uprising against the communists but it was unique for its size and for its socialist program.
坦波夫叛乱并非反对共产党的首个农民起义，但它的独特之处在于它的规模之大和它提出的社会主义计划
The Union of Toiling Peasants fought against communism to save socialism.
劳苦农民联盟同共产主义作斗争来拯救社会主义
It took 30,000 Red Army veterans more than a year to put out this fire.
它花了3万红军老兵一年的时间才平息掉这片战火
The communists were so desperate at times that they resorted to using chemical weapons on their own people.
共产党人一度陷入绝望，以致于采用化学武器来对付自己的人民
Their hold on the countryside remained very sketchy.
他们在农村的基础非常薄弱

视频及简介

课程介绍:

此课程介绍了十月革命前的苏联。

原声视频：