视听文本

There was only so much arguing the US could do without looking hypocritical.
但是只有些许言论认为美国不用看起来这么伪善也行
Yet Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev's mental ossification also caused the USSR's biggest foreign policy blunder — the invasion and occupation of Afghanistan.
不过列昂尼德·伊里奇·勃列日涅夫的僵化也造成了苏联最大的外交政策错误，入侵并占领阿富汗
In 1904, Russia was faced with a war against Japan.
1904年，俄国面临与日本的一场战争
Instead of working toward an agreement with Japan, certainly there was enough of Asia for both imperial empires,
但它并没有努力与日本促成协议，当然对于两个帝国来说都已经有足够大的亚洲地盘了
Tsar Nicholas II listened to advisors who said a "splendid little victorious war" would bring Russia into line behind him.
沙皇尼古拉斯二世听取了建议，认为来场漂亮的小胜仗将会让俄国臣服于自己

What Nicholas II got was double dose of dire disaster: a stunning defeat by Japan followed by the Revolution of 1905.
但尼古拉斯二世得到的只是严重的灾难：在与日本的战争中惨败，随后1905年又爆发革命
In December 1979, Russian history repeated itself.
1979年俄国的历史重演
The Soviet Union got interested in Afghanistan in the late seventies for the usual Russian reasons. It was there.
苏联出于通常的原因，在70年代晚期对阿富汗产生了兴趣
It was also directly south of the Soviet Union;
阿富汗就在苏联的正南边
the USSR did not want to see a fundamentalist Islamic regime seize power, as had just happened in Iran.
苏维埃社会主义共和国联盟不想看到一个伊斯兰原教旨主义政权获得权力，这样的事情已经在伊朗发生了
Besides, the military/industrial complex was in the mood for another splendid little victorious war.
此外，苏联的军工综合体也是时候再来打一场漂亮的小胜仗了

视频及简介

课程介绍:

此课程介绍了柏林墙倒塌，苏联解体等。

原声视频：