视听文本

He allowed the constituent assembly to convene for exactly one day, January 5, 1918.
他只允许立宪会议在1918年1月5日召开了一天
The next day it was shut down for good by Bolshevik guards. And so ended Russian democracy.
第二天布尔什维克卫兵就让它永久关闭了。一同结束的还有俄国民主
A week later, on January 12 the Bolsheviks convened the 3rd national congress of Soviets
一周后，1月12日时，布尔什维克召开了第三次全国苏维埃大会
which declared Russia to be a socialist federated republic.
会上宣布俄国成为一个社会主义联邦共和国
The declaration of rights of the people's of Russia was formally accepted and a constitution adopted.
俄罗斯人民的权利宣言正式通过大会还通过了一部宪法
Even though Lenin's Sovnarkom still had a few socialist revolutionaries, this was just a temporary thing.
尽管列宁领导下的人民委员理事会仍有一部分的社会主义革命党成员，但这不过是临时的
Just as Lenin had wanted, all power had been given to the Soviets
正如列宁希望的那样，所有的权力都归到了苏维埃之下

and from now on Soviet power would be exercised by the Bolsheviks, or as they renamed themselves in March, 1918, the communist party.
从此苏维埃权力由布尔什维克行使，他们在1918年3月更名为共产党
From this time on the terms Soviet and communist became one and the same.
从那时起，苏维埃与共产党意义相同
Segment 21e. "Conclusions".
第21段第五部分“结论”
One. Democracy wouldn't have worked.
一，民主不会行得通的
Before the February 1917 revolution, Russia's only experience with democracy was in Great Novgorod's heyday, that is back in the 1400s.
1917年二月革命之前，俄国唯一的民主经历发生在诺夫哥罗德的全盛时期时，那要回溯到15世纪了
Determined to preserve the autocracy, the Romanov Tsars shunned representative democratic government until 1905.
罗曼诺夫沙皇决心维护独裁政治，1905年之前，沙皇都一直回避着成立代表民主政府的问题
Even political parties were forbidden.
甚至政党也是禁止的

视频及简介

课程介绍:

此课程介绍了十月革命前的苏联。

原声视频：