视听文本

By September 1612, the army of Minin and Pozharsky was at the gates of Moscow.
1612年9月，米宁和波扎尔斯基的部队逼近莫斯科的城门
On November 4th, 1612, Moscow was captured and the Zemsky Sobor was summoned once again.
1612年11月4日，莫斯科被包围，缙绅议会再次召开
This time including even peasant representatives to elect a new Tsar.
与会人员甚至有农民代表和选举新的沙皇
Although Prince Pozharsky was regarded rightly as the savior of his country and was supposedly descended from Rurik,
尽管王公波扎尔斯基理所当然被认为拯救了国家且又是留里克血统
he stayed out of the election.
但他不参与选举
The Russian people needed a free choice for their next leader.
俄国人民需要自由选择下一位领导人
And Pozharsky would not complicate the choice.
波扎尔斯基没有让选择更复杂

A statue of Minin and Pozharsky stands in Red Square to this day.
米宁和波扎尔斯基的雕塑至今仍矗立在红场
And in 2005, the Russian Federation began celebrating November 4th as the day of National Unity.
2005年，俄罗斯联邦决定把11月4号作为国家统一日
Segment 17e: Conclusions.
17节E 总结
1, The secret of Moscow's success.
一，俄国成功的秘诀
In the first place, Moscow, like Rome, was blessed with a good defensible location.
莫斯科像罗马一样拥有优良的防御位置
It was far away from the Mongols, and it was close to both river and land transport which made trade possible.
远离蒙古，靠近河流和陆路交通方便了商贸
Next, the Muscovite princes tended not to produce multiple male offspring which kept their land unseparated.
第二，莫斯科公国王公没有很多男性的子嗣，因此土地没有分散

视频及简介

课程介绍:

本集讲解了：莫斯科大公国成为俄罗斯帝国、征集土地、伊凡雷帝统治时期、全篇总结俄罗斯成功的要素，详细说明波雅儿发展的来龙去脉。

原声视频：