视听文本

In the countryside the soldiers who survived their wounds and made it back to the villages told horror stories of bad food, brutal commanders, and no weapons.
在乡下，受伤活下来的士兵回到了村子里，给乡亲们讲述糟糕的食物，可怕的军官和缺乏弹药的恐怖故事
This made it pretty hard to recruit fresh troops,
这使得征集新兵非常困难
and it gave an opening for radical propagandists such as the Bolsheviks who encouraged soldiers to desert.
这给了一直鼓励士兵们不要继续作战的、激进的布尔什维克党人以可乘之机
Some very odd solutions popped up.
这时出现了一些非常奇怪的措施
The most famous being the murder of Rasputin in December 1916.
最有名的是1916年十二月的刺杀拉斯普廷事件
The killers included the Tsar's first cousin, Grand Duke Dmitry,
杀手包括沙皇的大表哥德米特里大公

Prince Felix Yusupov, a transvestite who was the wealthiest man in Russia, and a minister of the Duma.
费利克斯·尤苏波夫亲王，一个异装癖，他是俄国最富有的人，也是杜马的大臣
Yet the poisoning, shooting, and ultimate drowning of the royal family's seedy confidante changed nothing.
但是投毒，枪击，最后淹死，罗曼诺夫家族的亲信并没有带来任何改变
The Romanov dynasty and the Russian Empire died not with a bang but with a barely audible whimper.
罗曼诺夫家族和俄罗斯帝国并没有因为一次打击而覆灭，而是随着一声啜泣走向灭亡的
The winter of 1916-1917 had been unusually cold for Petrograd further complicating the process of getting food into town.
1916到1917的冬天，彼得格勒异常寒冷，这就更使得往城里送食物变得非常复杂了
On February 18th, 1917, the workers of Petrograd largest employer, the Putilov Works, went on strike.
1917年二月十八日，彼得格勒最大的工厂的工人普提洛夫工厂的工人开始了罢工
February 23rd, 1917, was International Women's Day,
1917年2月23日，是国际妇女日
the women of Petrograd turned this into a protest march as women will do over the shortage of bread, which women consider important!
彼得格勒的妇女把这天变成了因为面包短缺而导致的示威游行，女人们认为这是非常了不起的事情

视频及简介

课程介绍:

简述各小节内容，亚历山大二世的统治，尼古拉二世的统治，俄国参加一战及其影响，结语。

原声视频：