视听文本

On 14 December 1825, the northern group did attempt an uprising in Senate Square.
1825年十二月十四日，北方集团尝试在参议院广场掀起起义
It was poorly organized and poorly led.
但这场起义组织和领导都非常不力
Nicholas acted promptly to put it down with the help of loyal troops.
尼古拉当即决定在皇家军队的帮助下镇压起义
These revolutionaries called the Decembrists went down in history as the first Russians to openly fight Tsarism.
这群被称为十二月党人的革命者在历史上被看做是首批公开反对沙皇统治的俄国人
Their ringleaders were executed and the remainder sent into prison and exile.
罪魁祸首被处死，其余参与者或被投入监狱或被流放
Nicholas was already conservative by nature, but putting down a revolution like this as his first official act made him downright reactionary.
尼古拉本性本就倾向保守主义，但是第一次官方行动就是镇压这样的起义让他成为一个彻头彻尾的反动人物

His solution for revolutionary dissent was the establishment of a police state.
他排除异己的方法就是成立一个警察国家
So firm was Nicholas' grip on Russia and so intimidating that Russia seemed to the world that Nicholas was known as the Gendarme, or Cop, of Europe.
尼古拉对俄国的控制如此强硬威胁如此严重，尼古拉本人被看做是欧洲的宪兵或警察
More than anything else, Nicholas wanted to maintain order at home.
更有甚者，尼古拉想稳坐在皇宫中掌控一切
To this end he established a secret police organization called, innocuously, the Third Department.
为了达到这个目的，他成立了一个秘密组织，名字听起来并不那么恐怖，叫做第三部门
The Third Department ran a huge network of spies and informers
这个部门是由一个间谍网和线人网组成
and took drastic action against anyone questioning Nicholas' idea of the perfect Russian society.
可以对任何质疑尼古拉的完美俄国社会的人采取断然措施

视频及简介

课程介绍:

各部分内容简介，凯瑟琳大帝的统治，亚历山大一世对拿破仑的战争，尼古拉一世的独裁统治；各部分总结。

原声视频：