视听文本

Ivan wisely allowed the inhabitants to keep their Muslim faith and Muslim ways and they responded by becoming loyal Russian subjects.
伊凡很明智地允许当地人保持了伊斯兰教的信仰和穆斯林的习俗，他们也就归顺于俄罗斯帝国的统治了
However, Ivan's attempt to gain the Baltic sea port failed.
但是伊凡建立波罗的海港口的计划失败了
And Ivan's antics during the Oprichnik Days virtually invited neighbors, like Sweden, and the southern Tatars to invade Russia.
而且伊凡在骑兵日的奇怪举动引来了许多邻国，比如瑞典和南鞑靼的进攻
The exploration of Siberia, which began during Ivan's reign, was almost an afterthought.
伊凡统治期间进行的西伯利亚开发纯属马后炮
Like their earlier Mongol overlords, the Russians had not desire to live on the conquered tundra.
像早期的蒙古霸主一样，俄国人并不想要生活在他们征服的冻土上
Instead, the Russians wanted to extort tribune, usually furs, from the poor tibesmen who lived there.
他们只是想要敲诈更多的战利品，通常是从贫穷的部落居民那里抢来的皮草

When the Russians reached the Amur River, they made their first contact with Manchu China, which was then nearing the peak of its power.
当俄罗斯人到达阿穆尔河时，他们第一次与中国取得联系，那时候也是中国国力最盛的时候
Russia was too weak to fight a war at such a distance, with such a powerful Chinese empire.
俄国不擅长打远战，尤其是面对如此强大的中华帝国
So Peter's half sister, The Regent Sophia, signed the Treaty of Nerchinsk in 1689.
所以彼得的姐姐索菲亚，于1689年签订了涅尔琴斯克条约
Although the Russians were now allowed to trade with China, Russia could no longer expand directly east.
虽然俄罗斯人当时，已经允许与中国进行贸易，但是俄国无法再向东扩张
Although St. Petersburg was Peter's primary obsession, just before his death in 1725,
虽然圣彼得堡是彼得大帝的重心，但是就在1725年他去世之前
he dispatched a Danish navigator, Bering, to explore the northeast corner of Asia.
他派遣了一位叫做白令的丹麦领航员去开拓亚洲东北角的地区

视频及简介

课程介绍:

本课介绍了俄国历史上著名的几位统治者和他们对俄国发展作出的贡献，反映了14-17世纪间俄国的政治、经济与文化发展。

原声视频：