视听文本

Vasily the First rules Muscovy until 1425, keeping up the family tradition of gathering the lands of others whenever possible.
瓦西里一世治理莫斯科到1425年，一直坚持尽可能的征集土地的家庭传统
Meanwhile in southern Russia, the Golden Hoard was all but polished off by the Mongol conqueror Timurlame or Timur the Lame.
同时在俄罗斯南部，金帐汗国几乎被蒙古征服者跛子帖木儿打败
Yet the Muscovites were not themselves immune from civil war.
但是莫斯科公国人民并没有免于内战
Vasily the First was seceeded in 1425 by his ten year old son Vasily the Second
瓦西里一世在1425年传位给他十岁的儿子瓦西里二世
who was forced by his uncle and cousins into a long, bitter civil war.
却被他叔叔和堂兄逼得无法，而卷入了漫长痛苦的内战

It took young Vasily the Second 25 years to establish power.
年轻的瓦西里二世花了25年才确立了政权
In the meantime, he had been captured once by the Mongols and blinded by one of his cousins!
同时他曾被蒙古人捕获，并被堂兄弄瞎了眼睛
In 1453, the Byzantine Empire fell and the Patriarch of Constantinople gave his blessing to Metropolitan Jonah of Moscow,
1453年，拜占庭帝国衰落，君士坦丁堡大主教为约拿城祈祷
acknowledging that the Russian Orthodox Church was now entirely independent.
承认俄罗斯东正教完全独立
The fall of Constantinople in 1453, also created the notion that Moscow was destined to be the Third Rome after Rome herself and Constantinople.
君士坦丁堡1453年衰落，也表明了莫斯科注定成为罗马和君士坦丁堡之后的第三个罗马
In 1462 Vasily the Second's son Ivan the Third came to the throne hoping to add to what his father had left him.
1462年，瓦斯利二世的儿子伊凡三世继承皇位，希望壮大他父亲留下的基业

视频及简介

课程介绍:

本集讲解了：莫斯科大公国成为俄罗斯帝国、征集土地、伊凡雷帝统治时期、全篇总结俄罗斯成功的要素，详细说明波雅儿发展的来龙去脉。

原声视频：