视听文本

Polypotamia, Metropotamia,
玻璃伯塔米亚，麦特罗伯塔米亚
Saratoga and Sylvania pushing it a bit.
萨拉托加，和斯文尼亚在周围
Cheronessus and Pelisiphia are way out there.
谢罗纳斯和佩利丝非亚在不远处
And then we come to
然后我们看到
what would've been my native state,
我原本来自的州
I am eternally grateful not to be
我非常庆幸我不是
a native of Milwakee, Assenisipia.
米尔维基的土著

Two, over the ramparts we watched.
第二，我们是站在堡垒上俯瞰一切
I have to admit that I once considered
我必须承认
the American national anthem very, very silly.
我曾经认为美国国歌很愚蠢
The tune is complicated.
曲调太过复杂
The language is archaic
语言过于古老
and the words hardly mean anything.
那些词语毫无意义
Why couldn't we have something nice like
为什么我们不能唱些好点的东西
Oh, Canada or maybe even America the Beautiful?
比如哦，美丽的美国
But in the course of putting together this class
但是为了组织这一门课
an examination of the Star Spangled Banners context
关于星条旗的一个测验
really cleared my mind.
解释了我心中的疑惑
Imagine being a young American
假设你是一个美国青年
spending all night watching the Royal Navy,
花了一整夜看皇家海军
mightiest in the world
世界上最强大的军队
trying to shell American militiamen
他们正在试图摧毁美国民兵
out of Fort McHenry
所在的麦亨利堡垒
hoping to land British Redcoats near Baltimore.
试图把英国军队驻扎在巴尔的摩
And if the British were able to
如果英国成功地
land Redcoats near Baltimore
把军队驻扎在巴尔的摩
our new nation might not make it.
我们这个新生的国度可能就此灭亡
The fact that in the morning
事实上，第二天早上
the flag and the militiamen were still out there
我们的国旗和军队安然无恙
sounded a note of optimism.
令人感到乐观
This new nation with its experimental government
这个新生国家和它试验性的政府
was built to last.
最终得以幸存
Oddly enough the song didn't become
很奇怪的是，那首歌
the national anthem for another 100 years
在之后的100多年都没有
or so in 1931.
变成国歌，直到1931年
Three; Doctrine doctrine.
第三，主义主义
A doctrine is a word meaning a teaching.
主义就是某种教条
In foreign policy the term doctrine
在外交政策中，主义这个词
also describes a statement of a fundamental principle.
也用来描述一些根本性原则
From the beginning the Monroe Doctrine
从一开始，门罗主义
could be and was interpreted in different ways
可能在不同时期
at different times.
被以不同方式进行解读
It encouraged sequels.
这将带来后续的事件
The Truman Doctrine of 1947
1947年的杜鲁门主义
stated the US would provide emergency aid
声明美国会提供紧急援助
and make sure democratic nations
并保证民主国家
like Greece and Turkey
比如希腊和土耳其
remained free from Communism.
不受共产主义渗透
The Brezhnev Doctrine of 1968, and here he is,
1968的勃列日涅夫主义
Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev,
利奥尼德·伊奇·勃列日涅夫
stated that the Soviet Union would not tolerate
声明说苏联不会容忍
attempts to turn a Soviet client-state
任何企图将苏联附庸国
into a capitalist state.
变成资本主义国家的行为
The so-called Sinatra Doctrine of 1989
1989年所谓的辛纳特拉主义
reversed the Brezhnev Doctrine
颠覆了勃涅日列夫主义
by saying that Soviet client-states
它认为苏联的附属国
could break off from the Easter Bloc
可以从脱离联盟
and they could do it their way.
采取他们自己的方式
I call it the Fleetwood Mac Doctrine
我管它叫福利伍德·马克主义
in which you can go your own way.
当然你们也可以用你们自己的说法
The Bush II Doctrine
布什第二主义
as expressed in a speech of September 20th, 2001
正如他在2001年9月20日演讲中所说那样
states every nation in every region
他声明，任何地方的任何国家
now has a decision to make.
都需要做一个决断
Either you are with us
要么与美国为伍
or you are with the terrorists.
要么你们就是恐怖分子
Four; hit the road Jack.
第四，上路吧杰克
The term ethnic cleansing is fairly new.
种族清洗这种说法还比较新颖
It dates back to Serbian,
可以追溯到塞尔维亚
Croatian and Bosnian behavior
克罗地亚和波斯尼亚的手段
after Communist Yugoslavia disintegrated in 1991.
也就是1991年南斯拉夫解体之后
Yugoslavia, truth be told,
南斯拉夫，说实话
was more a collection of native nations
与其说是一个国家
than a nation itself.
还不如说是一群当地国家的联盟
It was literally invented
它实质上是根据
as a result of the Treaty of Versailles.
凡尔赛条约成立的
For Serbs, Croatians, Bosnians,
对于塞尔维亚人，克罗地亚人和波斯尼亚人
freedom meant an opportunity
自由意味着
to settle ancient grudges.
复仇的机会

视频及简介

课程介绍:
本课程对罗马帝国和前苏联的兴衰进行回顾，探讨它们历史变迁的内在规律，并将现代的超级大国——美国与它们进行比较，从而作出对未来可能的一些预测。

原声视频：