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The socialist revolutionaries, who were not Marxists, were far better organized.
社会主义革命者并非马克思主义者，他们有更好的组织
They also had a clear program: an eight hour day for the workers, a constituent assembly and giving all the farmland to the peasants.
他们也有一个清晰的计划，工人8小时工作制，选举组成的立宪会议，将所有的农田分给农民
But the Bolsheviks greatest weakness was also its greatest strength:
而布尔什维克最大的弱点也是他们最大的优势，
the intellect, determination and driving personality of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin.
那便是弗拉基米尔·伊里奇·列宁的睿智，决断和领导魅力
Lenin believed that the revolution had to be led by an educated disciplined elite, not a mass of backward factory workers and peasants.
列宁相信革命必须由受过教育的纪律性强的精英领导，而非一众落后工厂的工人和农民

Though Lenin was quite at home in the convoluted world of Marxist theory he was totally pragmatic.
尽管列宁十分精通费解的马克思理论，但他非常注重实际
He might change his position or form an alliance or break an old one but the bottom line was always the success of the revolution.
他或会改变立场，结成新的联盟，或是打破旧的联盟，不过他始终坚守的底线是确保革命的成功
For Lenin the end always justified the means of achieving it.
对列宁来说，一切以结果为导向手段也要遵循结果
Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov was born May 4, 1870 in Simbirsk to a noble family.
弗拉基米尔·伊里奇·乌里扬诺夫于1870年5月4日出生在辛比尔斯克的一个贵族家庭里
His older brother Alexander was hung in 1886 for his part in a plot to kill the Tsar.
他的哥哥亚历山大由于参加刺杀沙皇的活动而在1886年时被处以绞刑
Although it's hard to see Lenin as becoming anything but a revolutionary, the loss of his brother certainly didn't help matters.
尽管列宁很可能不会走上除革命外的其他道路，他失去哥哥这件事并没让他退却

视频及简介

课程介绍:

此课程介绍了十月革命前的苏联。

原声视频：