视听文本

And they joined with the republicans to
他们与共和党人联手
defeat this measure in Congress.
在国会否决了这项提案
With the Democratic party split into northern
民主党因堪萨斯问题
and southern wings over the Kansas question
分裂成南北两派
the way looked open for an anti-slavery republican
这为反奴隶制的共和党候选人
candidate to win the presidency in 1860.
赢得1860年总统大选敞开了大门
When republican Abraham Lincoln did just
当共和党人亚伯拉罕林肯当选

that the southern states quickly declared that
南方州很快宣布
they were through with the United States.
他们与美国玩完了
By spring 1861 eleven southern states had
到1861年 11个南方州
seceded from the Union and formed the
从联邦退出
Confederate States of America. Denying that
组成了美利坚联盟国
these eleven states had the right to secede,
否认这11个州有权退出
Missouri and Kentucky would try later
密苏里和肯塔基之后也试图退出
but fail to secede, President Lincoln declared that
但失败了，林肯总统宣布
they were merely in rebellion. Lincoln
他们这是叛乱
then called for troops to help keep
林肯然后动用军队
the so-called rebellious states in the Union.
让所谓的反叛州留在联邦
On April 12th, 1861 Confederate troops
1861年4月12日，南方军队
fired on the Union garrison at Fort Sumter
向南卡罗莱纳的查尔斯顿附近的
near Charleston, South Carolina.
萨姆特堡联邦驻军开火
The American Civil War was officially on.
美国内战正式打响
By the time the war ended in 1865 more than
1865年战争结束时
a million Americans, counting both sides,
双方死伤人数超过100万人
had been killed or wounded. Entire sections of
整个美国
the country were devastated. The tragedy of
被伤得体无完肤
this whole thing is underscored by the fact that
这整件事更显得悲惨
Czar Alexander II, autocratic ruler by grace of
当俄国的独裁统治者沙皇亚历山大二世
God of Russia, was able to free Russia's serfs
都能够快速签下他的名字
with the flick of his pen. What Great Britain
同意解放农奴
couldn't accomplish in 1776 or in 1812
英国在1776年和1812年不能完成的事
the United States nearly accomplished all by itself.
美国几乎自己完成了
Segment 5e: Conclusions.
第5部分e：结论
In 1844 the democrats were split.
1884年，民主党人分裂
Three nominees for the presidential candidate
三位提名总统候选人是
were Martin Van Buren, a former president
前总统和废奴主义者马丁·范布伦
and an abolitionist, James Buchanan, a moderate,
温和派詹姆斯·布坎南
Lewis Cass, a General and expansionist.
将军和扩张主义者刘易斯·卡斯
From Nashville came a dark horse riding up.
从纳什维尔杀来一匹黑马
Mr. James K. Polk, Napoleon of the stump.
树桩中的拿破仑，詹姆斯·K.波尔克先生
Austere, severe he held few people dear.
严厉苛刻的他令很少人与他亲近
His oratory filled his foes with fear.
他的演讲术令其敌人害怕
The faction soon agreed he's just the man
党派很快同意他就是
we need to bring about victory,
那个我们需要能带来胜利的男人
fulfill our manifest destiny.
完成我们的天定命运
And annex the land the Mexicans command.
吞并墨西哥人的土地
And when the vote was cast the winner was,
投票过后，胜者是
Mr. James K. Polk, Napoleon of the stump.
树桩中的拿破仑，詹姆斯·K.波尔克先生
In four short years he met his every goal.
短短四年中，他一一达成了自己的目标。
He seized the whole southwest from Mexico,
他从墨西哥那抢来整块西南部
made sure the terrorists fell and
确保恐怖分子失败
made the British sell the Oregon Territory.
让英国人卖掉俄勒冈领地
He built an independent treasury.
他建起独立国库
For all of this he sought no second term.
做了这些的他不寻求连任
But precious few have mourned the passing
但少有人为
of Mr. James K. Polk our eleventh president,
詹姆斯·K.波尔克，这第11任总统
young Hickory, Napoleon of the stump.
年轻的山胡桃，树桩拿破仑惋惜
Two. North vs. South. The Civil War was
2，北方对南方
mostly brought on by a failure to address
内战主要是因
the issue of slavery. But to be fair the people of
处理奴隶制失当而打响，但公平地说
the time would likely mention other concerns.
当时的人或许会提及其它担忧

视频及简介

课程介绍:
本课程对罗马帝国和前苏联的兴衰进行回顾，探讨它们历史变迁的内在规律，并将现代的超级大国——美国与它们进行比较，从而作出对未来可能的一些预测。

原声视频：