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But the Germans were still holding onto the Western front.
但是德军仍占据着西部战线
And on the Eastern front the Germans were dangerously close to both Petrograd and Moscow.
在东部战线上，德军危险地迫近彼得格勒和莫斯科
The Bolshevik slogan, "No Peace, No War", may have fooled the Russian people but the Germans held all the cards and they knew it.
“没有战争就没有和平”这条布尔什维克的口号或许愚弄了俄国人，但是德国人掌控着一切，他们知道这一点
If Lenin and company wanted Russia to be left alone the Germans wanted Poland and the Baltics and most of Ukraine.
如果列宁等人想要俄国远离战争，德国人希望得到波兰，波罗的海国家和乌克兰大部分领土
Again the time to hesitate was through.
再一次地，已经没时间犹豫了
The Japanese were already sending troops into Russia's far Eastern empire and the port of Vladivostok.
日本人已经在往俄国远东帝国和海参崴港口派遣军队

Parts of the old empire were breaking off, the Baltic and Caucasian nations Poland and Ukraine.
之前的帝国已经在分崩离析，波罗的海和高加索国家，波兰和乌克兰正在分离出来
In the heartland the so-called White Russian movement united Tsarist generals
在中心区域，俄罗斯白色运动将沙俄将军
and various anti-communist movements against the new Bolshevik regime.
和不同的反共产主义运动联合起来共同反抗新生的布尔什维克政权
Not all of the communists, as the Bolsheviks now called themselves, supported Lenin's decision to surrender all of this land.
并非所有的共产党人即先前的布尔什维克党人支持列宁交出国土的决定
Surrender was not just a blow to Russian pride but it would put the new nation at Germany's economic and military mercy.
交出土地不仅仅会打击俄罗斯的骄傲，还会使这个新生的国家受到德国经济和军事上的摆布
Once more Lenin got his way establishing once and for all his domination of the communist party and of the new Soviet state.
又一次列宁在党内确立了权威控制了整个共产党和新苏联

视频及简介

课程介绍:

此课程介绍了十月革命前的苏联。

原声视频：