视听文本

Ivan "Moneybags" grandson Dmitry ruled 1359-1389, rebuilt Moscow's fortified city center or Kremlin in stone,
1359到1389在位的钱袋伊凡的孙子德米特里用石头巩固市中心，也就是克林姆林
just in time to fight off two different Lithuanian invasions in 1368 and 1370.
及时地抵御了立陶宛在1368年和1370年发动的两次不同的入侵
Dmitry was pleased with his own success.
德米特里非常满意自己的成功
He stopped paying the Mongols tribute even though he probably kept collecting it; he just didn't give it to the Mongols.
他不再给蒙古进贡，即使他仍在征收，他没有把征收的东西进贡给蒙古
In turn, the Mongol general, Mamai invaded Muscovy in 1380.
反过来，蒙古将军马麦1380年入侵莫斯科
A smashing victory over the Mongols earned Dmitry the nickname Dmitry Donskoy, Dmitry of the Don.
对蒙古彻底的胜利给德米特里赢得了德米特里·顿斯科伊或顿德米特里的绰号

This also earned Moscow a return visit from the Mongols in 1382.
这也让蒙古在1382年再次入侵莫斯科
This time under a more capable general called Tokhtamysh.
这次带领的将军能力更强，名叫脱脱迷失
Dmitry knew which fights to pick and which not to.
德米特里知道哪些仗该打，哪些不该打
He made peace with Tokhtamysh and in return he was reinstated as Grand Prince, complete with the yarlyk.
他和脱脱迷失讲和，他也因此恢复了大公的身份，还享有yarlik权
But on Dmitry's death in 1389, his son Vasily the First was crowned Grand Prince without consulting the Golden Hoard.
但是德米特里死于1389年，他的儿子瓦西里一世被授予大公时没有征求金帐汗国同意
This is important, because it marks the beginning of Muscovy's rise and the serious decline of the Golden Hoard.
这很重要，因为这标志着莫斯科公国的崛起，金帐汗国的严重衰落

视频及简介

课程介绍:

本集讲解了：莫斯科大公国成为俄罗斯帝国、征集土地、伊凡雷帝统治时期、全篇总结俄罗斯成功的要素，详细说明波雅儿发展的来龙去脉。

原声视频：