视听文本

On the eve of his Parthian campaign, Caesar attended a senate meeting called for on the Ides of March, forty four BC.

在出征帕提亚之前，凯撒出席了公元前44年三月15日的元老院会议。

It was in the Theater of Pompey because the Senate House was still being rebuilt.

会议在庞培剧院举行，因为元老院还在修建中。

On that day, March the fifteenth, forty four BC, Cesar was assassinated by a group of sixty seven senators, including some, such as the noble Brutus and the lean and hungry Cassius, whom he had personally forgiven for serving with Pompey.

那天，也就是公元前44年三月15日，凯撒被67个议员组成的团伙刺杀。这些议员包括一些曾追随庞培但被凯撒原谅了的人，像是布鲁图和意欲除掉凯撒的卡修斯。

These so-called republicans believed they were striking a noble blow for truth, justice, and the mos maiorum.

这些自称为共和制拥护者的人认为刺杀凯撒是维护真理，正义和社会惯例的崇高举动。

Unfortunately, they had no constructive ideas for saving the Roman Republic after killing Caesar.

不幸的是他们在杀了凯撒之后对于怎么拯救罗马共和国并没有建设性意见，

Whatever Caesar's ultimate intentions were, he had made a fatal error in even seeming to be interested in restoring the monarchy.

不管凯撒的初衷是什么，他犯了一个致命的错误，他甚至不能表现出有意恢复君主制才行。

Maybe Cesar though he would never be able to fix the republic as he saw fit,

或许凯撒以为他永远做不到将共和国修复到他想要的样子，

maybe he thought that an enlightened monarchy was the only possible solution.

或许他想到了开明君主制才是唯一可行的道路

As we will see in the next unit, this turned out to be the case.

我们下一单元将会看到确实是这样。

Or perhaps Caesar was not acting of his free will,

也有可能凯撒并不是在按照自己的意愿行事，

pushed instead toward monarchy by followers like Marc Antony and Queen Cleopatra of Ancient Egypt who hoped to profit from their connections with the King of Rome.

而是被马克·安东尼和古埃及女王克娄巴特拉这样的追随者推向君主制，这些人希望从与罗马国王的关系中获利。

Or maybe the kingship had always been his goal, from his impoverished aristocratic youth.

也或许从凯撒作为落魄贵族的青年时期开始，当国王就一直是他的目标。

Even though Caesar was undoubtedly the greatest man of the Roman Republic's last years,

尽管凯撒无疑是罗马共和国末期最伟大的人，

he was not great enough to solve Rome's political problems.

他还没伟大到能解决罗马的政治问题，

It didn't look like anyone else was great enough, either.

而且似乎别人也都没有这种能力，

On the one side was the Caesarian faction, headed by the late great Julius's comrade in arms and boon companion, Marc Antony.

一方是凯撒派系。由已死朱利叶斯军事上的伙伴也是好友马克·安东尼领导，

On the other side were the Senatorial optimates, allied with the assassins of Caesar or the so-called republicans, led by the silver-tongued old statesman Cicero.

另一方是元老院元老和凯撒的刺杀者组成的联盟。凯撒刺杀者就是所谓的共和制拥护者，这一派由雄辩的资深政治家西塞罗领导。

It looked like yet another worldwide civil war was on tap, complete with marches upon Rome and new lists of proscriptions.

看起来另一场世界范围的内战即将来临，伴随着罗马各地的行军和新的死刑公告名单。

Nobody seemed to notice that Caesar's will had actually listed as heir and adopted son his eighteen year old grand nephew, one Gaius Octavius.

似乎没有人注意到凯撒在遗嘱中将他当时18岁的侄孙盖乌斯·屋大维作为继承人，并收养其为儿子。

视频及简介

课程介绍:
本课程对罗马帝国和前苏联的兴衰进行回顾，探讨它们历史变迁的内在规律，并将现代的超级大国——美国与它们进行比较，从而作出对未来可能的一些预测。

原声视频：