视听文本

In 1833, the education minister, Sergei Ugarov, unleashed the official principle of Nicholas' reign,
1833年，教育部部长谢尔盖·乌加洛夫，颁布了维护尼古拉统治的官方条文
which was known as "official nationality: autocracy, nationality, and orthodoxy".
被称为，合法民族主义：独裁，民族主义，东正教
Autocracy meant total subservience to the Tsar, as God's chosen instrument of rule over the chosen Russian people.
独裁意味着要对沙皇完全臣服，将其视为上帝选出来统治俄国人民的工具
Nationality stood for embracing Russian culture as superior to all other traditions.
民族主义意味着接受俄国文化优于其他所有传统
And Orthodoxy represented unquestioning acceptance of the practices and teachings of the Russian Orthodox Church.
对东正教的信仰意味着全盘接受俄国东正教的教义和行为
Official nationality was meant to stifle any sort of original thought.
官方民族主义意味着压制所有原创性的思想

There would be no more Decembrist Revolutions on Nicholas' watch.
在尼古拉的监控下不会再发生十二月党人起义这样的事情了
Another of Ugarov's accomplishments was to strangle the liberal arts inside Russian universities.
乌加洛夫的另一举措是在俄国大学内扼杀自由派艺术
Eventually lecture halls were filled with spies reporting back to the Third Department,
结果演讲厅里布满了间谍将演讲内容汇报给第三部门
even so some of Russia's greatest creative minds flourished during Nicholas' time,
尽管如此，俄国一些最具创造性的头脑在尼古拉的统治下得到了发展
including Nikolai Gogol, Ivan Turgenev, and Alexander Pushkin, Russia's famous poet.
包括果戈理、屠格涅夫，还有俄国着名诗人普希金
Nicholas' reign also marked the beginning of the clash between Slavophiles who yearned for Russia's pre-Peter the Great traditions
尼古拉的统治标志着希望回到彼得大帝统治前的传统中去的斯拉夫主义者
and the Westernizers who wanted Russia to modernize even faster than it already was doing.
与希望俄国比现在西化速度还要更快的支持西化的人的决裂

视频及简介

课程介绍:

各部分内容简介，凯瑟琳大帝的统治，亚历山大一世对拿破仑的战争，尼古拉一世的独裁统治；各部分总结。

原声视频：