视听文本

The core of this army was made up of Italian born roman citizens called legionaries who served a minimum of 25 years.
军队的核心组成是出生在意大利的罗马公民，称为军团兵，至少要服役25年。
The legionaries were assisted by auxiliary forces, recruited from the provinces, also for a minimum term of 25 years.
协助军团的是从行省招募的辅助部队也要至少服役25年。
The Romans fought traditionally as heavy infantry.
罗马人传统上以重骑兵形式作战。
The auxiliaries fought with different specialties depending on their province of origin.
辅助部队根据各自的行省拥有不同的专长。
Different provinces provided different forms of specialties.
不同的行省提供了不同形式的专长。

Augustus created a third military branch called the Praetorian Guard to serve as his bodyguard.
奥古斯都还创建了第三个军事分支称为禁卫军，作为他自己的保镖。
The Praetorians were paid better than the legionaries and were based near Rome.
禁卫军的薪资要比军团兵的高基地也设在罗马附近。
Their commander the Praetorian prefect soon came to play an important role in the roman government.
禁卫军长官很快就在罗马政府中发挥起了重要的角色。
Tiberius built the barracks for the Praetorians just outside of Rome.
提比略在罗马外面为禁卫军建起了军营。
To make sure that he would have access to them and they to him.
以确保他与禁卫军之间能够互相接触到。
As it turned out the Praetorians had a little too much access to Tiberius, he was murdered by the Praetorian prefect Macro in 37 AD.
事实证明禁卫军太容易接触到提比略了，公元37年，提比略被禁卫军长官马克罗杀害。
Clearly the roman army's loyalty had to be earned on a continual basis.
很明显，罗马军队的忠诚必须要一直得到保证。
But through the time of the good emperors the roman army's loyalty was a near constant.
不过在贤君统治时期，罗马军队几乎是一直保持着忠诚的。
The legionaries were Roman citizens who had volunteered to serve they received after their 25 years were up, either land, or a sizable bonus.
军团兵都是罗马公民，自愿参军效力等到25年服役期结束，他们会得到土地或者可观的奖赏。
Auxiliary soldiers received only one third of the legionary's pay but on finishing their service they became Roman citizens.
辅助兵的军饷只有军团兵的三分之一，但是一旦服完兵役期，他们就能成为罗马公民。
The sons of auxiliaries could and often did serve as legionaries, again the old Roman stock was revitalized by diverse peoples from around the empire,
他们的子孙也就可以进入军团服役古老的罗马血统再次因为人口的多元化而获得了活力，
granted the chances of living towards retirement were about fifty percent but still the Roman army was an honoured profession and a great place to start.
有50%的人能够活到退休，不过罗马军人仍然是一个受人尊敬的职业，也是一个很好的开端。
In the field the Roman legions were usually commanded by capable, reliable, ex consuls personally suggested by the Princeps.
在战场上指挥罗马军团的通常是有能力，可靠的前执政官，由元首亲自推荐。
When the Roman Empire was well lead the legions stayed loyal to the Princeps.
罗马帝国得到良好管理的时候军团也都对元首极为忠诚。

视频及简介

课程介绍:

本课程对罗马帝国和前苏联的兴衰进行回顾，探讨它们历史变迁的内在规律，并将现代的超级大国——美国与它们进行比较，从而作出对未来可能的一些预测。

原声视频：