超级大国的兴衰(视频+MP3+中英字幕) 第54期:昔日的罗马(3)
日期:2015-09-30 15:44

(单词翻译:单击)

视听文本

To this day, right here in
直至今天
Springfield Missouri's own local newspaper,
在密苏里州的斯普林菲尔德的当地报纸上
you can read letters
可以看到
citing the fall of the Roman Empire
援引罗马帝国衰落的文字
to predict America's future fall
预示美国未来的衰落
due to any one of a wide range of flaws;
因为美国存在大量的缺陷

昔日的罗马.png

militarism, immorality, apathy,
军国主义,不道德,冷漠
male pattern baldness or even over taxation.
男性秃顶或者税收
From the very beginning,
从一开始
we Americans have been fixated on over taxation.
我们美国人就对税收念念不忘
The ancient Roman style of running an empire
古罗马人统治帝国的方式
has also fascinated monarchs
至今吸引了很多君主
and other empire builders to this very day.
和其他的扩张主义者
After the western Roman empire fell in 476 AD,
西罗马帝国在公元476年衰落
or some other year,
或者是别的年份
the kings of the so-called Holy Roman Empire,
所谓的神圣罗马帝国的国王
962 to 1806 AD routinely
从公元962年到1806年一直
referred to themselves as Kaiser,
自称为Kaiser (皇帝)
the German form of the name Caesar.
是Caesar在德语中的表达
Farther east, the people of
在东边
the so-called Byzantine Empire would deny that
所谓的拜占庭帝国的民众
they had ever stopped being Romans,
拒绝承认自己不是罗马人
even though the Byzantines would tell you
尽管拜占庭人
this not in Latin, but in ancient Greek.
使用个的不是拉丁语,而是古希腊语
The Byzantines even insisted on being called
拜占庭的人甚至坚持
Romioi, which is the ancient Greek word for Romans.
被叫做Romioi,古希腊语中代表罗马人
After the Byzantine Empire fell in 1453,
拜占庭帝国在1453年衰落之后
Grand Prince Ivan III of Muscovy,
俄国的亲王伊凡三世
we'll meet him later,
我们之后也会讲到他
married a princess of Byzantine royal blood,
他娶了拜占庭王室的公主
and began using the title Tsar,
开始使用Tsar这个名称
a Russian form of the name Caesar.
Tsar是Caesar在俄语中的表达
In 1721, Ivan's successor Tsar Peter I, the Great,
1721年,伊凡的继任者,沙皇彼得一世
began using the term Emperator.
开始使用Emperator的头衔
When the German Empire reunified
1871年,德意志帝国
under the Hohenzollerns in 1871,
在霍亨索伦王朝的通知下重新统一
a fact about which I will never make mention again,
有一个事实我再也不想提及
its rulers once more claimed the title Kaiser.
德意志帝国的统治者使用 Kaiser
To this day, British coinage contains
直到今天,英国的硬币上
the Latin phrase "Elizabeth II,
印着拉丁语,伊丽莎白二世
or Elizabeta Secunda, Dei Gratia Regina,"
或者Elizabeta Secunda
Elizabeth II, by the grace of God, Dei Gratia Regina queen of England.
意思是承蒙天恩,英国的女王
Whoever said that Latin was dead
那些说拉丁语已经死亡的人
needs to get out a little bit more.
应该多到外面走走看看
But most fascinating of all to your instructor,
但是最令教师感兴趣的是
the deluxe yours truly,
最奢华的是
is the idea of one nation assigning itself
一个国家委任自己成为
an imperial mission of maintaining world peace.
维护世界和平的帝国使团
The Romans accomplished this first
罗马人实现了首次和平时期
with the Pax Romana,
被称作Pax Romana
also known as the Pax Augusta,
或者Pax Augusta
which lasted from just before the time of Christ
这段时期从公元前
well into the second century AD.
一直持续到公元二世纪
Russia dreamed of bringing about a Pax Rusika
俄国梦想着实现俄国和平时期
and accomplished it for a while.
在短期内做到了
Britain tried to impose a Pax Britannica.
英国试着建立英国和平时期
You and I live in the times of a Pax Americana
我们所处的是美国和平时期
with consequences affecting every American
由此产生的结果影响所有的美国人
and every part of his or her life.
以及生活的方方面面
The ultimate purpose of this course
这样做的终极目的是
is to make you decide whether a Pax Americana
让你们决定美国的和平
is worth the work, worth the sacrifice or not.
是否值得那么多的付出和牺牲
And in order to answer that question intelligently,
为了明智地回答这个问题
we have to start with the ancient Romans.
我们首先要研究罗马
Segment 6c: Podunk on the Tiber. 6c
台伯河上的无名小镇
Early on the morning of April 21st, 753 BC,
早在公元前753年4月21号的早上
two young brothers named Romulus and Remus
两个年轻的兄弟罗慕路斯和雷穆斯
climbed a hill in Latium,
爬上了Latium的一座小山
a region in what is now west-central Italy.
这个地方现在位于意大利中西部

视频及简介

课程介绍:
本课程对罗马帝国和前苏联的兴衰进行回顾,探讨它们历史变迁的内在规律,并将现代的超级大国——美国与它们进行比较,从而作出对未来可能的一些预测。

原声视频:


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重点单词
  • sacrificen. 牺牲,供俸,祭品 vt. 牺牲,祭祀,贱卖 vi.
  • ultimaten. 终极,根本,精华 adj. 终极的,根本的,极限的
  • imperialadj. 帝国(王)的,至尊的,特大的 n. 皇帝,女皇
  • fascinatingadj. 迷人的
  • predictv. 预知,预言,预报,预测
  • patternn. 图案,式样,典范,模式,型 v. 以图案装饰,仿造
  • imposev. 加上,课征,强迫,征收(税款)
  • apathyn. 缺乏感情或兴趣,冷漠
  • taxationn. 课税,征税,税金
  • accomplishedadj. 娴熟的,有造诣的,完成的,有成就的,毫无疑问的