视听文本

Of course, the Poles, the Fins, the Tatars, the peoples of the Caucasus,
当然了，波兰人，芬兰人，鞑靼人高加索诸民族
to name just a few of the larger nationalities, had no interest in becoming Russians.
还有其他各民族对于成为俄罗斯人完全没有兴趣
Moreover as Alexander's reign continued, the educated class, or intelligentsia, started turning against him.
在亚历山大的继续统治下，受过教育的阶层，或者说知识分子开始同他分道扬镳
So even while Alexander was enacting his most important reforms, he stuck to the Romanov tradition of complete autocracy,
所以即便是亚历山大在实施最重要的改革的时候，他也还是坚持罗曼诺夫王朝独裁的老路子
just like Peter the Great, just like Catherine the Great, just like Alexander the First.
跟彼得大帝，凯瑟琳大帝，亚历山大一世一样
So, when the intelligentsia kept crying for a role in public affairs, Alexander's police broke up their meeting and even put them in jail.
所以，当知识阶层大声抗议要在公共事务中有一席之地的时候，亚历山大的政策却破坏了他们的集会甚至将他们投入监狱，

The stifling of the intelligentsia led to the Narodniks, an opposition movement taking its name from Narod, the Russian word for "people".
对知识分子的压迫导致了民粹主义，一场反对派运动，名字由俄语人民Narod一词而来
The Narodniks, most of whom were college students, wanted to rebuild Russian government,
民粹主义者大多数都是大学生，他们想重建俄国政府
based on socialist theory, and the peasant commune, or mir.
依靠社会主义理论，和农民公社，或者说米尔
In 1874, Narodniks dressed themselves as peasant men and peasant women and went into the countryside to work.
1874年，民粹主义者装扮成农民模样，男女农民纷纷走向田间劳作
They hoped to bond with the peasants and gain the peasants' support for continued reform,
他们希望同农民建立血肉联系并且获得农民对他们持续改革的支持
but the peasants were suspicious of all city folk, beat quite a few of them up, and the experiment failed.
但是农民对所有城里人都抱着怀疑态度，这让他们中的好些人积极性受到挫伤，这个实验失败了

视频及简介

课程介绍:

简述各小节内容，亚历山大二世的统治，尼古拉二世的统治，俄国参加一战及其影响，结语。

原声视频：