中英文本

"Winter is coming," warned a Norwegian representative on November 22nd, at a meeting of the World Trade Organisation (WTO).
“寒冬要来了，”11月22日一名挪威代表在世界贸易组织（WTO）的一次会上表示.|L2SPpkX3%rYqH。
The multilateral trading system that the WTO has overseen since 1995 is about to freeze up.
自1995年起受WTO监督的多边贸易体系即将冻结hpLRJWCABa=QGk]j。
On December 10th two of the judges on its appellate body,
12月10日，其上诉机构的两名法官将退休，
which hears appeals in trade disputes and authorises sanctions against rule-breakers, will retire
该机构负责审理贸易争端中的上诉，并授权对违反规则者进行制裁，
—and an American block on new appointments means they will not be replaced.
—美国对新任命的阻挠意味着他们不会被取代NZphwO^LRFb_kY。
With just one judge remaining, it will no longer be able to hear new cases.
由于只剩下一名法官，该机构将无法再审理新案件Ab4vQhG_kdSI-*+yJy。
The WTO underpins 96% of global trade. By one recent estimate, membership of the WTO or General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT),
WTO支撑着96%的全球贸易&b%V]BZc=A|d!pYA#zFJ。根据最近的一项估计，WTO或其前身关税及贸易总协定（GATT）的成员国身份
its predecessor, has boosted trade among members by 171%.
促使成员国之间的贸易增长171%cIuBqC8X#!si%。
When iPhones move from China to America, or bottles of Scotch whisky from the European Union to India,
当iPhone手机从中国转移到美国，或者是苏格兰威士忌从欧盟转移到印度时，
it is the WTO's rules that keep tariff and non-tariff barriers low and give companies the certainty they need to plan and invest.
是WTO的规则使关税和非关税壁垒保持在较低水平，并使企业在规划和投资方面有了确定性F*vDF@J;y]@qnGk&0Ex^。

The system is supposed to be self-reinforcing. Mostly, countries follow the WTO's rules.
这个体系本应自我强化_vm7q#@)aHmdR#%|T。多数情况下，成员国也遵守着WTO的规则an8n+@gtV(FPqY。
But if one feels another has transgressed, then instead of starting a one-on-one trade spat it can file a formal dispute.
但如果一方觉得另一方违反了协议，那么它可以提起正式纷争，而不是挑起一对一的贸易争端VZY-Vt1hEt_ZHB。
If the WTO's ruling displeases either party, it can appeal. The appellate body's judgments pack a punch.
如果WTO的裁决让任一方感到不满，那么该方可以上诉U1HT(Qq#K[-Qa)fF。上诉机构的判决非常有效力@Q6#1f-i@ecc&=7+s。
If the loser fails to bring its trade rules into compliance, the winner can impose tariffs up to the amount the judges think the rule-breaking cost it.
如果败诉的一方未能遵守其贸易规则， 那么胜诉的一方可以征收关税，最高可以达到法官认为违规造成的损失Uh6a%s]MAQMoGa4|。
It is that punishment that deters rule breaking in the first place.
正是这种惩罚在一开始就阻止了违规行为VQZF]A;EwuI*。
It is no surprise that President Donald Trump has axed these foreign arbiters, given his general distaste for internationally agreed rules.
考虑到唐纳德·特朗普总统对国际协议规则的反感，他砍掉这些外国法官也就不意外了n|HTfU.ns5z^Ps;。
On November 12th he declared himself "very tentative" on the WTO. But the problems run far deeper than dislike of multilateral institutions.
11月12日，他宣称自己对WTO“非常犹豫”!4J-=nf1thQHes[。但问题远不止是对多边机构厌恶KLOq4cdg0,_1l#WJ。
They stem from a breakdown in trust over the way international law should work, and the more general failure of the WTO's negotiating arm.
它们源于对国际法运作方式信任的破裂，以及WTO谈判机构更普遍的失败CDrR&ctsXEeY。
Had the Americans felt that they could negotiate away their grievances, resentment towards the appellate body might not have built up.
如果美国人觉得他们可以通过谈判来解决他们的不满，那么他们对上诉机构的怨恨可能就不会形成]x)WD~7z#_|n。
But with so many members reluctant to liberalise, including smaller countries fearful of opening up to China, that has been impossible.
但由于许多成员国不愿自由化，包括害怕向中国开放的小国，所以这是不可能的6c_m]B0Rn_hf%。

译文由可可原创，仅供学习交流使用，未经许可请勿转载K7A_Zib!(*a。

词语解释

1.oversee 监督
Use a surveyor or architect to oversee and inspect the different stages of the work.
请一位房产检视员或建筑师来监督并检查不同阶段的工作k3kLfpvuT%m。
2.boost 促进
We need a big win to boost our confidence.
我们需要大胜一场来增强信心b(Tl3Zhx8M,,w)6!。
3.self-reinforcing 自我强化
We fear deflation because of its self-reinforcing effects.
我们之所以担心通缩，是因为它具有自我加强的效应K8C8QaIeQ]w-cEE,3-。
4.transgress 违反
No one is permitted to have privileges to transgress the law.
不允许任何人有超越法律的特权Q|EQ+x.PsCBjRR^Yh。