【复习】

Last time we learned a sentence pattern which is : S intend that S should do. 这个句式是表示某人打算（想）做某事。句中的that 和 should可以省略。

【习题答案及点评】
And some translation exercises were left last time and I'm about to let them out in the open.

【Exercise】I 政府无意扶持不景气的企业。

【Translation 1】The government doesn't intend that it should prop up declining industries.

【Translation 2】The government doesn't intend it prop up declining industries.

【Translation 3】It isn't intended that the goverment should prop up declining industries

【Translation 4】It isn't intended that the goverment prop up declining industries

【点评】

1 短语的运用：扶持，资助 prop up 【Eg.】 The government refuses to prop up inefficient industries. 政府拒绝补贴效益不佳的行业. Prop up除了有“扶持,资助”的意思，还有“用样东西支撑某物”的意思。【Eg.】We should prop up the fence. 我们应该用东西支撑住这栅栏。 Prop up除了有”用某物支撑某物“的意思。还有“某人支撑，顶住某种局势，形势的意思。【Eg.】We have to prop up the perilous situation 我们必须支撑这危局.

2 现在分词的运用：此句中的declining是decline (下降，衰退) 这个动词的现在分词，但是它作形容词。像这一类的形容词在牛津词典可以看到是adj.，它是adjective这个单词 的缩写形式，意思是： 形容词，但是在美国词典里面还不算为是形容词。为什么呢？究其根源，像declining这样的形容词是跟语法有关的。英语中有两种分词，一种是现在分词，一类是过去分词，它们都可以相当于形容词修饰名词，所以现在在牛津词典里面把declining这样的现在分词和frightened , surprised这样的过去分词算作了形容词，如果是被修饰的名词主动发出来的这个动词的动作，就用现在分词；如果是被动发出来的，就用过去分词。Declining是此句中是被修饰的名词主动发出的动作，说起来，比较抽象，我们可以这样看，把declining industries这个名词短语变成一个主表关系的简单句，即：The industries are declining. 企业正在走向衰败。企业是衰败的。

3 泛指一类事物的表达：要泛指一类事物要么就用这个名词的单数形式，要么用其复数形式。该句中使用的是industries，是复数形式，我们可以把它改为单数形式an industry. 4 翻译方式：第1和第2句使用主动语态进行翻译，第3句和第4句则是把第一句和第二句由主动语态改为被动语态。我们说过了将它改为被动语态后，它就成了主语从句。因此我们可以说第三句和第四句是用主语从句进行翻译。

【Exercise】II无论今日希望如何黯淡，我们都打算继续努力。

【Translation 1】However dim the prospects may be today, we intend that we should continue our efforts.

【Translation 2】However dim the prospects may be today, we intend we continue our efforts.

【Translation 3】However dim the prospects may be today, it is intended that we should continue our efforts.

【Translation 4】However dim the prospects may be today, it is intended that we continue our efforts.

【喇叭】

翻译3 和 4 中的连词that 不能省略，它这里扮演的角色是连词，连接了主句和主语从句。

【点评】

短语的使用：继续努力 continue one's efforts( 注意effort作为努力这个意思来讲，它通常是用复数形式。)

2 短语拓展：keep on trying, not give up,sustain one's efforts , carry on with one's efforts, keep up with one's efforts, blaze away (off) at doing something, and so on.

3 翻译方式：第1和第2句使用主动语态进行翻译，第3句和第4句则是把第一句和第二句由主动语态改为被动语态。我们说过了将它改为被动语态后，它就成了主语从句。因此我们可以说第三句和第四句是用主语从句进行翻译。

【Exercise】III我们并不想使交战加深，或使对抗加剧。

【Translation 1】We don't intend that we should deepen the engagements or widen the confrontation.

【Translation 2】We don't intend we deepen the engagements or widen the confrontation.

【Translation 3】It isn't intended that we should deepen the engagements or widen the confrontation.

【Translation 4】It isn't intended that we deepen the engagements or widen the confrontation.

【点评】

1 短语的翻译：我们如何翻译“加深交战”呢？deepen the engagements 如何说“加剧对抗”呢？ widen the confrontation

2 我们来看一下这个句子中有2个动词的构词法是一样的：形容词+ en就变为动词， 该句中deep ( 深的) ，然后加上en就变成了deepen 意为：加深，加浓) ， wide ( 宽阔的 )由于后面已经有了e,那么就直接加上n，则是：widen ( 加宽 )。

3 翻译方式：第1和第2句使用主动语态进行翻译，第3句和第4句同第一道题和第二道题一样是把第一句和第二句变为被动语态，变为被动语态后，它是一个主语从句，那么我们可以它们是用主语从句进行翻译。

【Exercise】IIII我打算一次性把这件事彻底搞清楚。

【Translation 1】we intend that we should set the matter at rest once and for all.

【Translation 2】we intend we set the matter at rest once and for all.

【Translation 3】It is intended that we should set the matter at rest once and for all.

【Translation 4】 It is intended that we set the matter at rest once and for all.

【点评】

1 短语的使用：once and for all 意为：一劳永逸，永远地。刚才我把这个短语进行了2个连读和一个浊化，读作['wʌnzəfɔ:'rɔ:l] 。这个就锻炼大家的听力了。He will explain it fully once and for all. 他将把它充分地解释一次就此了结。I'll finish the affair once and for all. And face to face. Not by letter.我将彻底了断这件事，当面地而不是通过书信来解决。Let's get this problem right once and for all.咱们把这个问题彻底弄清楚吧。大家从例句中听出了once for all这个连读了吗？

我们如果表达“ 使某事得到彻底的解决”呢?我想大家可能会想到这样这样的表达方式：solve the problem thoroughly , solve the problem completely. 但是还有更好的短语，它是什么呢？它是：set something at rest. This question has been set at rest. 这个问题已经得到解决。【备注】注意在这里set at rest，我在这里进行了一个连读，一个浊化和一个省略，读作['sedæ(t)'rest]。The finding of the body of the man who has been missing for a month has set at rest the question of his fate. 那个失踪一个月的人的尸体被发现后，有关他命运的问题就得到解决。

Set something at rest 除了“彻底解决”这个意思，还有“消除”的意思。What she said set at rest all our fears about his safety. 她的话完全消除了我们对他安全的忧虑。Doubts were set at rest. 疑虑顿消。That set all my doubts at rest. 这消除了我的一切怀疑。

Set at rest 还有“使安心”，“使放心”的意思。我们常见到的是在set这个动词后面加上mind, heart，即：set one's mind at , set one's heart at rest.You should set your mind at rest. 你就放心好了。Her words set my mind at rest. 她的话使我放心了。She was set at rest by learning that her husband had been saved. 听说她的丈夫获救，这才使她放心下来。To see you come back safely ,we set our heart at rest. 见您平安归来，我们感到放心了。Please phone David and tell him that his missing wallet has been found, so set his mind at rest. 请打个电话给David，告诉他遗失的钱包找到了，让他放心！As soon as you hear that your father is out of danger, do let me know, which will set my mind at rest. 一听到你父亲脱险的消息，请一定要立即告诉我，以免我挂念。

【喇叭】

once for all 和set something at rest 这两个短语在英语专业考级作文中是可以加分的，大家注意使用。从以上的例句中大家听出了set at rest这个短语的连读了吗？还有set one's mind at rest , 还有set　ｏｎｅ＇ｓ　ｈｅａｒｔ　ａｔ　ｒｅｓｔ这些连读了吗？

【Exercise】IIII我要她与你交朋友，如果你不反对的话。

【Translation 1】 I intend her that she should make acquaintance with you if you have no objection

【Translation 2】 I intend she make acquaintance with you if you have no objection

【Translation 3】It is intended that she should make acquaintance with you if you have no objection.

【Translation 4】It is intended that she should make acquaintance with you if you have no objection.

【点评】

短语的使用：我们要表达“ 结识某人，认识某人”我们用什么短语呢？那么可以用这个短语：make acquaintance with ｓｏｍｅｂｏｄｙ　．那么这个短语后面接的是something, 还可以表达“了解某事”的意思。好，那么在有些句子中了，在acquaintance前面加the或者是 one's 等修饰词语，此外，介词with有时候了，有的人用of， 那么都是对的。 I am pleased to make your acquaintance.能与您相识乃是敝人之幸事.Charles is shy and does not take the initiative in making acquaintance.Charles 怕羞，不会主动结交朋友。When did you make the acquaintance of his brother?【备注】此句中使用的是这里make the acquaintance of somebody. Acquaintance前面使用了the, with这个介词改为了of.你是什么时候认识他兄弟的? I am delighted to make your acquaintance,Mrs. Baker.【备注】此句中使用的是make your acquaintance, 在acquaintance前面用的是形容词性物主代词your, 这个短语相当于make the acquaintance with you. Baker太太,我很高兴与你相识。 It is very interesting to make the acquaintance of this country and its culture.了解这个国家和它的文化是件很有趣的事情。If a man does not make new acquaintance as he advances through life, he will soon find himself alone.-Johnson, Samual如果一个人不在生活的进程中结识新朋友，他很快发现自己很孤独。--约翰生 To read a book for the first time is to make the acquaintance of a new friend; to read it a second time is to meet an old one.初读一本书如交新朋友，再读这本书如逢老朋友。

句子中有个“反对”，我们如何表达呢？这里有个短语：have no objection。那么我们表达“反对”还有哪些好的短语呢？【短语拓展】argue against , ,declare against ,protest against , opposed to doing and so on. 在前面三个短语中，我们都知道against是介词，后面跟名词。如果我们要说“反对做某事”呢？那就是argue against doing something, ,declare against doing something, ,protest against doing something. Oppose to 这个短语中的to是介词，后面接名词或者是动名词。

【今日主题】

And this morning, I'd like to share a sentence pattern with you which is : S decree that S should do. In this sentence, "decree" means "to decide, judge or order something officially". From it's English explanation, we can see subjunctive should be used in this sentence. That S should do.是由that而引导的宾语从句，其谓语形式为should + 动词原形，偶尔也见到would + 动词原形。引导词that 和情态动词should是可以省略的。

It was decreed that the following day should be a holiday. （其中should 可以改为would. ）即：It was decreed that the following day would be a holiday. 那么这个用would, 在牛津词典里可以见到。
法令规定第二天为休息日。

The goverment decreed we be into a state of emergency.
政府下令我们要进入紧张状态了。

从上面2句可见，凡是含有宾语从句的复合句中的主句含有decree这个词作为谓语，且意思是“规定”“下令”这2个意思的话，其后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气。