听力文本

This is Scientific American — 60-Second Science. I'm Jason G. Goldman.
Got a minute?
(alert hoo recording)
That means danger—to a chimpanzee. Chimps use this call, known as an "alert hoo," to warn each other about a potential threat, like a dangerous snake on the forest floor. And researchers have now used recordings of that call to get inside the chimpanzee mind.
"There is more studies showing that various animals seem to be able to take another's perspective into account to a certain extent. They seem to be able to understand what another one sees or doesn't see for example."
Catherine Crockford, a primatologist at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Germany.
Crockford and her team traveled to Uganda's Budongo Forest to study the ability of chimps to modify their calls based upon the knowledge of others.
They hid a fake snake on the ground and then used a loudspeaker to broadcast chimp calls. In some cases, the speaker played that alarm call, the "alert hoo,"
(alert hoo recording)
suggesting to listeners that a nearby chimp was aware of the snake.
But in other cases, the speaker played a different kind of call called a rest hoo,
(rest hoo recording)
This non-alarm told listeners that the chimp they were hearing was not aware of any snake danger.

And when the chimps who had heard the rest hoo came across the fake snake, they gave ample warnings, using both their alarm calls and body language. But when chimps heard the alarm call before encountering the fake snake, they produced fewer alert hoos—apparently satisfied that their comrades were aware of the threat. The study is in the journal Science Advances.
"So we were able to tease those things apart and show that the main motivation for their calling didn't really fit with their own emotional state or their own habituation level to the snake, so it really seemed that they were taking into account the others' perspective."
Seems that, like humans, chimps and perhaps other primates are able to adjust their communications based on what they think their intended recipients think. Which is clearly a useful ability for intelligent beings that have complex social lives.
Thanks for the minute for Scientific American — 60-Second Science. I'm Jason G. Goldman.

参考译文

这里是科学美国人——60秒科学VDO6(E(H%&。我是杰森·古德曼fdjsJx[EGw!GF^Y%。
有一分钟时间吗？
（警戒呼呼声）
对黑猩猩来说，这种声音意味着“危险”eJ&BNCkDDS81。黑猩猩用这种“警戒呼呼声”互相提醒，留意潜在的危险，比如森林地面上有危险的蛇]yg[4FgLBfmr5nV~hPR。现在研究人员利用这种叫声的录音来了解黑猩猩的大脑.]2k6GR&%=&q-Mxn;。
“有更多研究表明，在某种程度上，各种动物似乎都有考虑其他动物想法的能力IrityTue((oGgSA=D。比如，它们似乎能了解其他动物看到了什么或没看到什么b19FtC77bYjsua。
德国马克斯·普朗克进化人类学研究所的灵长类动物学家凯瑟琳·克劳克福德说道f;_G1k&ooL_。
克劳克福德和团队前往乌干达布东戈森林，研究黑猩猩因了解其它成员而改变自身叫声的能力D[ojtv+z4;]uKH8b=)f。
研究人员在地面上藏了一条假蛇，然后用扬声器播放黑猩猩的叫声1luc@G4_YB_K。有时扬声器播放的是警报信号，即“警戒呼呼声”，
（警戒呼呼声）
这种叫声告诉听者，附近有黑猩猩发现了蛇MvbMldi(OL*P[NO。
但其他时候，扬声器会播放一种不同的声音，即“放松的呼呼声”，
（放松的呼呼声）
这种非警报叫声告诉听者，发出叫声的那只黑猩猩没有发现蛇txm9B||xn~8e8kt+9*O。
当听到“放松呼呼声”的黑猩猩遇到假蛇时，它们会发出大量警告信号，既发出警报叫声，也会使用肢体语言.laoH4dEY^d。但是，在碰到假蛇前听到“警戒呼呼声”的黑猩猩，很少会发出警报叫声——显然，它们对同伴发现了危险感到很满意4DLfSJKd_8@6zsl_ly。这项研究结果发表在《科学进展》期刊上DNx%Ni,I#z.unuj^。
“我们能区分这些情况，并说明：黑猩猩发出叫声的主要动机，并不完全符合它们自己的情绪状态或自己对蛇的适应水平，而是它们在考虑其他同伴的看法%SUk7nCjhksFc5。”
看起来人类、黑猩猩和其他灵长类动物，都能够根据他们认为的预期接受者的想法来调整交流t]B,+HiWM01@]0Vk。显然，对于拥有复杂社交生活的智慧生物来说，这是一种有用的能力LC3ZX~b-=UV。
谢谢大家收听科学美国人——60秒科学e^N1A+toF~|pSx52n。我是杰森·古德曼QHA#qU69q^。

译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！

重点讲解

重点讲解：
1. take into account 考虑到；把…计算在内；
例句：You have to take capital appreciation of the property into account.
你必须将该处房产的资本增值考虑在内4Bk1=b6O=WWI~4%~w#=g。
2. to a certain extent 在一定程度上；
例句：To a certain extent it's easier for men to get work.
在一定程度上，男性更容易找到工作oZRcu,P28=gq@3N。
3. be aware of 注意到的；察觉到的；意识到的；
例句：The question remains whether he was fully aware of the claims.
问题是他是否完全意识到了这些要求pLJt&3lGqt[^V+BP5Mk。
4. come across 偶然发现；偶然遇见；
例句：I came across a group of children playing.
我碰到一群正在玩耍的小孩;Afx4@Sh[Se4U;fPJ。