科学美国人60秒:研究揭示蛏子自由穿行海底泥沙的奥秘
日期:2014-04-14 16:09

(单词翻译:单击)

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中英文本

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A creature called the Atlantic razor clam had a secret.
科学家们已经揭开了这种名叫大西洋蛏子生物的神秘面纱Bx^#UPC9&![v8^8
Digging in wet sand should be slow and take lots of effort.
在湿砂中挖掘想必速度肯定会下降并且很费力V!r;zyy]A_PFk
But the razor clam could burrow a centimeter per second and go half a kilometer using only about a AA battery's worth of energy.
但是这种蛏子能够以每秒1厘米的速度并且只消耗相当于一节AA号电池的能量就可以挖掘半公里的深度4dh0|jh~m%)WM#1p@9W
These talents intrigued MIT researchers, who thought that a robotic version of the clam would have practical uses.
这一出众的才能引发了麻省研究人员们的兴趣,他们认为如果研制出机器版本的蛏子,可以实际大作为&u#)&c~hN,sUg
So they studied how the mollusk moves.
因此他们研究了软体动物的移动方式PkL-WVOe7M2s

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They found that the clam first contracts its shell.
他们发现蛏子首先会收缩自己的外壳I;kg6m&rN;Qd*~sF
That action causes sand to fall inward towards the animal.
这个动作造成沙子流向这种动物的内侧方向OxSgX27|dD]w
Further shell contraction draws water into the mix.
然后外壳收缩又引入水流与沙子混合mukW!pYG1z!Jx#U
At that point, the watery sand starts to behave as a fluid—think quicksand.
此刻,混合着水的沙子就可以向流体那样运动—想象一下流沙*el|6ScaPbrWHc)5)Y
The drag on the burrowing clam is dramatically reduced and it starts to really move.
这样就明显减少挖掘中蛏子所受到的阻力并且可以真正实现向前移动miM_8Iq&E2du=#
The process requires pinpoint timing of contractions and digging.
而这一过程需要收缩及挖掘动作的精确配合423w70-N=jS7Inz2s2
Based on their findings, the researchers built a metal mimic.
基于这样的发现,研究人员们制造出了一种金属模拟物1|f0gH&LjpkFE|~Q3
Its two halves contract and expand, and a rod digs through the sand.
它的两半同时可以收缩和扩张,并且伴有一个杆状物负责向前挖掘沙子Xc9d[ZqZGpAOD(-1R
They believe that an energy-efficient Roboclam could anchor an autonomous underwater vehicle, search for mines or lay underwater cables.
他们认为这样一种有效利用能量的机器蛏子可以用于固定寻找矿藏或安放于海底电缆之类的自动设备b(@XtXrqLXp#bMN
The scientists discuss their efforts in the journal Bioinspiration and Biomimetics.
科学家们在《生物灵感与生物模拟》杂志上对此进行了讨论dP_f-KV)c5u^c,,
Rather than clamming up.
至此蛏子再也不是默默无闻啦aaVPmOCS8q=+W2
词语解释

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1.practical use 实际应用

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Because of its cost, it is limited in practical use.
由于成本问题,它的实际应用被限制在一定范围qin!_u[CGd^

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One can put sun zi's military strategy to practical use in interpersonal politics, a useful skill in business.
我们可以把孙子的军事策略付诸实际,尤其是人际关系,这在商业领域是一项非常有用的技能n*KqM4+8;bWO+44

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2.start to 开始

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Start to choose a hobby.
开始选择一项爱好;07e*Pt5vF

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Where's this argument start to break down?
这种争论将在何处开始平息?

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3.search for 搜索,搜寻;访求

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Also, search for detours around writing more software.
还有,寻找可以绕开编写更多软件的途径6UAp1DOlE-U8R

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Many are making it easier to search for content.
许多人正尝试使搜索变得更容易INtJoxrzdREyQsHLNzB*

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重点单词
  • strategyn. 战略,策略
  • limitedadj. 有限的,被限制的 动词limit的过去式和过去
  • mimicadj. 模仿的,假的 [计算机] 模拟的 vt. 模仿
  • intriguedadj. 好奇的;被迷住了的 v. 引起…的兴趣;使迷惑
  • razorn. 剃刀
  • contractionn. 收缩,缩写式,痉挛
  • contractn. 合同,契约,婚约,合约 v. 订合同,缩短,缩小,
  • anchorn. 锚,锚状物,依靠,新闻节目主播,压阵队员 v. 停
  • militaryadj. 军事的 n. 军队
  • shelln. 壳,外壳 v. 去壳,脱落,拾贝壳 n.[计