(单词翻译:单击)
听力文本
US Supreme Court Sides with Student over School in Free Speech Decision
The U.S. Supreme Court ruled Wednesday that a high school violated a student's free speech rights by punishing her for a social media post.
By a vote of 8-1, the nation's highest court ruled in favor of Brandi Levy over Mahanoy Area School District in the state of Pennsylvania.
In 2017, Levy was upset that she did not make the top cheerleading team at the area's high school. She was selected for the second-best team.
Levy, who was 14 at the time, then posted on Snapchat an image of herself raising a middle finger, an offensive sign, and using bad language to criticize the school and the team. The action took place outside of school hours and away from the school grounds.
The Snapchat messages could only be seen for a short time. But the post was captured and shared with parents and school officials. Some students approached school officials about the post and were "visibly upset."
School officials punished Levy by banning her from cheerleading for one year. They decided that her offensive action was related to cheerleading, a school activity, and disruptive.
Levy and her parents took their case against the school to court. A lower court judge ordered the school to let her back onto the team. But the school appealed the decision to a federal court in Pennsylvania and then the Supreme Court.
The school argued that it was permitted to punish Levy based on a 1969 Supreme Court ruling. The ruling in Tinker v. Des Moines protected students' rights to protest the Vietnam War. But the court also said students could be punished for disruptive speech.
Justice Stephen Breyer wrote the opinion for the majority. Some might think Levy's words were not worthy of the First Amendment protection of free speech rights, Breyer noted. "But sometimes it is necessary to protect the superfluous in order to preserve the necessary," he added.
A lower court had ruled that schools have no authority over a student's speech when it happens away from school grounds. But the Supreme Court's ruling is more limited.
Breyer wrote that the school's interests "remain significant in some off-campus circumstances." He added, however, "When it comes to political or religious speech that occurs outside school or a school program or activity, the school will have a heavy burden to justify intervention."
Levy said she was glad the Supreme Court agreed that her school went too far.
Now, an 18-year-old college student, she told Reuters, "I never could have imagined that one simple snap would turn into a Supreme Court case, but I'm proud that my family and I advocated for the rights of millions of public school students."
I'm Dan Friedell.
重点解析
重点讲解：
1. advocate for 主张；倡导
They advocate for a better environment by way of bicycling.
他们提倡以自行车为交通工具，以此来保护环境。
2. turn into 变成
The fighting is threatening to turn into full-scale war.
这次冲突可能要演变成全面战争。
3. in order to 为了
She may have farmed the child out in order to remarry.
她为了再婚可能已经把孩子寄养出去了。
4. When it comes to 提及；就...而论
When it comes to music, I'm a complete ignoramus.
说到音乐，我完全是个门外汉。
参考译文
美国最高法院对学生言论自由一案作出裁决
美国最高法院周三裁定，一所高中因学生在社交媒体上发文而对其进行惩罚，这侵犯了她的言论自由权。
美国最高法院以8：1的票数裁定布兰迪·利维胜诉，宾夕法尼亚州马哈诺伊地区校区败诉。
2017年，利维因自己未能入选这所地区高中的啦啦队一队而不满。她被选入二队。
当时14岁的利维在Snapchat上发布了一张竖中指的照片，这是一个冒犯性手势，并用脏话指责了学校和啦啦队。此举发生在课外并且不在校园内。
这条Snapchat动态只能短时间内被浏览。但是这条动态被截屏并发送给了家长和教务人员。一些学生就此跟学校官员交涉，并“明显感到诅丧。”
学校官员决定惩罚利维，禁止其一年内参加啦啦队活动。他们认为，她的冒犯行为跟学校的啦啦队有关，并且具有破坏性。
利维及其父母将学校告上法庭。一家下级法院命令学校让她重返啦啦队。但是该学校就此裁决向宾夕法尼亚州联邦法院，以及之后向最高法院提出了上诉。
该校辩称，根据1969年最高法院的一项裁决，校方有权利惩罚利维。这起廷克诉得梅因案的裁决保护了学生抗议越战的权利。但是法院也表示，学生发表破坏性言论会受到惩罚。
斯蒂芬·布雷耶（Stephen Breyer）大法官为多数派撰写了意见。布雷耶指出，有人可能认为利维的言论不适用第一修正案对言论自由权利的保护。他进一步指出：“但是有时候必须保护这些不必要的说辞，以便维护那些必要的言论。”
一家下级法院裁定，学生在校外发表言论时，学校无权干涉学生的行为。但是最高法院的裁决更有局限性。
布雷耶写道，学校的关切点在于“校外发表的某些言论仍然很重要。”然而他还表示：“当涉及到发生在校外或学校课程或活动中的政治或宗教言论时，学校有责任证明干预是合理的。”
利维表示，很高兴最高法院认同学校的做法有点过火。
现在，作为一名18岁的大学生，利维对路透社表示：“我从未想过一张简单的照片会成为最高法院审理的一起案件，不过我很自豪，因为我和我的家人为数百万公立学校的学生倡导了权利。”
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译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
