经济学人:英国铁路(5)
日期:2019-09-03 17:50

(单词翻译:单击)

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On shorter lines, the open-access approach is harder to pull off. Busy commuter routes have such tightly packed services that arranging a timetable around several companies would be a recipe for chaos. So an alternative approach is to grant concessions in which a single operator signs a contract to run all services on a line, and sometimes to maintain the track as well. London’s Docklands Light Railway, which has the happiest rail passengers in the capital, is run like this by Keolis, a French firm. Three of Britain’s four most punctual rail firms are concessions.
在更短的线路上,开放访问方法更难实现.zu)&^*E]CwmmhXi6N5l。繁忙的通勤线路上的服务是如此的紧凑,以至于在几个公司之间安排一个时间表将会导致混乱VO3l3vV4re~。因此,另一种方法是给予特许,由一个运营商签订合同,在一条线路上运行所有的服务,有时也要维护线路KY5UoT=dl]mJbCQ&。伦敦的Docklands轻轨是首都最幸福的铁路,由一家法国公司Keolis运营TW00+w]sraQO。英国最守时的四家铁路公司中有三家是特许经营x]Pz[X@@~]

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Granting concessions doesn’t give passengers a choice about how they travel. Yet an element of competition can be introduced by re-opening alternative lines that were closed half a century ago. In 2016 Chiltern Railways opened a London-Oxford line that had been closed by British Rail in the 1960s, when rail use was in decline. Within a few months the incumbent on a rival line, GWR, cut ticket prices and introduced free Wi-Fi. Some have proposed reopening a 40-mile stretch of the Great Central Railway between Aylesbury and Rugby to provide competition for the West Coast mainline between London and the north.
给予优惠并不能让乘客选择如何出行Amrh]Yw^;+。然而,通过重新开放半个世纪前关闭的替代线路,可以引入竞争的元素Zzu)bCr;D)1[l@MH。2016年,奇尔顿铁路公司开通了一条伦敦至牛津的铁路线*6=yg0oQO-&G7PH!|(。上世纪60年代,当铁路使用量下降时,英国铁路公司关闭了这条铁路线,igQm(g^[%yMaZIJ.=。几个月后,竞争对手GWR公司降低了票价,并推出了免费Wi-Fi2_x0O6(N|OyoAmYQh。一些人提议重新开放艾尔斯伯里和拉格比之间长达40英里的中央铁路,为伦敦和北部之间的西海岸干线提供竞争tfuVcTn(Etw;9].#g
There may be little case for turning back the clock to the 1980s, before privatisation. But going back even further, to the days when passengers had a real choice of which line to take, is a promising alternative.
或许没有什么理由让时光倒流到私有化之前的上世纪80年代Q6!RU1-Puc!KbE]TPT。但再往前追溯,回到乘客可以真正选择乘坐哪条线路的年代,这是一个很有前途的选择S-rlmHz#WPs

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