听力原文

Imagine. You're in a green landscape studded with trees and bushes. You're working in a team of hunters quietly stalking a herd of mammoths.

想象一下,你所在之处，一片绿树荫荫、灌木繁茂，收眼尽是舒心的绿。你是一群猎人中的成员，正在采取团队作战术悄悄地盯梢着一群猛犸象群。

One of the mammoths, you hope, is going to be your supper. You're clutching a light spear with a sharp, pointed stone at the end of it.

你期望着这其中某头猛犸象将会成为你今天的晚餐。你握紧手中轻盈的长矛，尖端上石制的矛尖锋芒毕露。

You get closer - you hurl your spear - and it misses. The mammoth you wanted to kill snaps the shaft under its foot.

你期望着这其中某头猛犸象将会成为你今天的晚餐。你握紧手中轻盈的长矛，尖端上石制的矛尖锋芒毕露。

That spear is useless now. You take another one, and you move on. And you leave behind you on the ground something that's not just a killing tool that failed, but a thing that's going to become a message across time, because thousands of years after the mammoth trod on your spear, humans will find that pointed stone spearhead and know that their ancestors were in this place far earlier than anyone had imagined.

现在那把长矛成了废物了。你拿起另一把长矛，继续你的旅程。然而那被你刚刚遗弃到地上的物品，可不止止是一件失败的杀器，它将成为一个跨越时光的使者；因为在那猛犸象踩碎了你的长矛之后的几千年后，后来人将会发现这件尖尖的石矛头，从而知道原来很久很久以前，超出他们想象的早，他们遥远的祖先曾经在这里留下了足迹。

'It looks so tiny and then it's only sort of two or three inches in length.'

“它看起来是真小啊，才差不多两三寸英寸长。”

'These are people on the move - explorers, and I can really feel quite a bit of empathy, and I can really feel what it must've been like to enter a country that nobody had told you about, that nobody had actually been in before you.'

“这些人类永远在旅行中，是探险者。我还真有点跟他们产生共鸣了；当你走进一个你一无所知的国家，没有告诉你这是一片前人从来踏足过的土地时，那种感觉，我可以真切地感受到。”

It's 13,000 years ago, and you're in America.

现在从概是一万三千年前，你所在的地方是美洲。

Clovis spearpoint, made of stone, 13,000 years old and found in Arizona, United States of America.

克洛维斯石矛头，距今约于一万三千年前以上，出土于美国亚利桑利州。

Things that are thrown away or lost can tell us as much about the past as any objects carefully preserved for posterity.

其实被丢弃或遗失的东西，也如同那些被视如珍宝一样精心保存的物品，能向我们诉说那过去的故事。

Broken things tell poignant stories - in fact, mundane everyday items discarded long ago as rubbish, are as much a defining characteristic of being human as great art, and these modest but essential things can tell us some of the most important stories of all in human history.

残破的物品诉说着凄美的往事。事实上，当年那些当成日常垃圾抛弃掉的物品，在多年后的今天极可能与那些不朽艺术品同样拥有定义我们作为人类本质特性的力量，并且往往是这些不太体面却十分纯粹的东西，向我们进述了人类历史上那些最重要的故事。

In the case of this programme, how modern humans - the toolmakers and the artists we've been following this week - took over the world. How, after populating Africa, Asia, Australia and Europe, they finally got to America.

在这期节目中，这故事是关于现代人类，像我们前两期已经介绍过的那些工匠与艺术家们，是如何改造这个世界；又是如何继非洲、亚洲、欧洲之后，最后到达了美洲大陆。

重点讲解

1. a herd of

一群（牛、鹿等）

eg. "The Gift of Pachamama" is about a little boy in Bolivia. He travels with his father and a herd of llamas to trade salt.

《巴佳妈妈的礼物》是关于一个玻利维亚小男孩的故事，他和自己的父亲一起赶着一群骆驼外出贩盐。

eg. To make a goal of comfort and happiness has never appealed to me; a system of ethics built on this basis would be sufficient only for a herd of cattle.

对我来说，以舒适和享乐为目标的生活从来没有吸引力。 以这些目标为基础建立起来的一套伦理观点只能满足一群牲畜的需要。

2. move on

往前走，前进；出发，离开

eg. Mr. Brooke moved on from LA to Phoenix.

布鲁克先生离开洛杉矶继续前往菲尼克斯市。

eg. Eventually the police were called to move them on.

最后叫了警察命令他们离开。

3. in the case

在这种情况下

eg. Not that Nature counts for nothing in the case and political rights for everything.

在这种情况下无需考虑人的天性，政治权利就是一切。

eg. Student: But you could very easily supply context that it was an argument Prof: Well, as I said you can supply context in the case anything is an argument.

学生：但是你可以很容易地提供语境,这是一个论点,教授：好，我说过你可以提供语境,在这个案例中，一切都可以称作论点。