经济学人:治愈混凝土癌症(1)
日期:2019-11-14 18:52

(单词翻译:单击)

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中英文本

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Modern civilisation is built on concrete and steel. Put the two together, though, and you can generate a problem.
现代文明是建立在钢筋混凝土基础上的(I;ry!2mokZn@)。然而,将两者结合起来,就会产生一个问题|oKBma|)@*u=yh
Reinforcing concrete with steel rods called rebars is the basis of modern construction.
钢筋混凝土是现代建筑的基础zzaO])!8=]xGs
But because water gets in through tiny cracks, the rebars rust. This causes them to expand, widening the cracks and weakening the concrete.
但是因为水会从细小的裂缝里渗透进来,所以钢筋会生锈了ZtqSU]YrcSA;#HS。这会导致裂缝扩大,混凝土变软IuQfpYiAlu-t[7;(4!~
Hence such structures require constant attention and often have design lives of only 60-100 years.
因此这样的结构需要持续的关注,并且其设计寿命仅有60到100年yaIhH~z2Uv&vcQaqUt_
That is pitiful compared with, say, the concrete dome of the Pantheon in Rome—which was completed in 125ad and still stands.
这与罗马万神殿的圆顶相比,简直是小巫见大巫,罗马万神殿建成于公元125年,至今仍屹立不倒)*LbHZztsqq,9UZ
Various ways of delaying or preventing concrete cancer, as this corrosion is known colloquially, have been tried.
人们已经尝试了各种延迟或预防混凝土癌症(腐蚀的通俗说法)的方法*ZS@ckUJ@9eme-#
These include recipes for concrete that is less permeable to water,
其中包括不透水混凝土的配方,
and rebars made from rust-resistant materials such as stainless steel or composites.
以及由不锈钢或复合材料等防锈材料制成的钢筋!m)E^tx9C!;C,8g;
Such approaches work, but they can be expensive. This may be about to change.
这种方法确实有效,但成本可能很高Oq-DGwbsoBlt;R_p+iD。这种情况可能即将改变%HEyy8w,^K@C-2]PL1g

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Next year, if all goes well, a pair of footbridges intended to be cancer-proof will open in Geelong, a town 75km south-west of Melbourne, Australia.
明年,如果一切顺利,澳大利亚墨尔本西南75公里处的吉朗镇将建成两座防癌人行桥n5oE,bJ-OA_B2pjq7BS
These bridges, which will act as prototypes for more than 150 others planned for the expanding city,
这些桥梁将用作其他150多个城市扩张计划的原型,
will be constructed using a novel approach that combines glass-fibre and carbon-fibre rebars.
且将使用一种结合玻璃纤维和碳纤维钢筋的新方法来建造BEsW!~)g*E6TQAcCI
They will, though, cost about the same as equivalent conventional bridges.
不过,它们的造价将与同等的传统桥梁差不多0oUZv2]dqE9n=kHEp^Y
The new design is the brainchild of a joint team of researchers from Deakin, a local university, and Austeng, the firm contracted to build the bridges.
新设计将由来自当地迪肯大学和桥梁承建公司Austeng的联合研究团队共同完成[C@Yu4EHw^jeyf2ZoRAz
This team began with commercially available rebars made from carbon-fibre composite.
这个团队开始使用由碳纤维复合材料制成的商业钢筋vvcTOU.Rd,
Although these are as strong as steel ones, they are expensive.
虽然它们和钢的一样坚固,但是它们很贵Us[F3IEOv@UMIJ3
They are, therefore, most often used in specialist structures such as buildings to house MRI hospital scanners,
因此,它们最常被用在一些特殊的建筑物上,比如用来放置核磁共振医院扫描仪的建筑物,
where electromagnetic interference from metal can cause problems.
在那里来自金属的电磁干扰可能会造成问题%9Sr(Mr6aqIrNld

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译文由可可原创,仅供学习交流使用,未经许可请勿转载&xSFh*%xjhJt[EQ

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词语解释

1.generate 产生
The Employment Minister said the reforms would generate new jobs.
劳工大臣表示,改革将带来新的就业机会[@M2T_[AoI!~U#
2.rust 生锈
Manufacturers are looking into building cars out of plastic to avoid the problem of rust.
制造商们正研究如何用塑料制造车辆,以避免生锈QU]Tqv^d2(OGT9l
3.brainchild 脑力劳动的产物
The record was the brainchild of rock star Bob Geldof.
这张唱片是摇滚歌星鲍勃·格尔多夫的心血之作mjYnHMjH9.a6y
4.interference干扰
The parliament described the decree as interference in the republic's internal affairs.
议会形容此法令为对共和国内政的干涉NY2tUFBpC#||gnPcn

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重点单词
  • avoidvt. 避免,逃避
  • permeableadj. 可渗透的
  • generatevt. 产生,发生,引起
  • internaladj. 国内的,内在的,身体内部的
  • approachn. 接近; 途径,方法 v. 靠近,接近,动手处理
  • availableadj. 可用的,可得到的,有用的,有效的
  • constructionn. 建设,建造,结构,构造,建筑物
  • wideningv. 使变宽;使扩大;拓宽;扩展(widen的ing形式
  • concreteadj. 具体的,实质性的,混凝土的 n. 水泥,混凝土
  • constantadj. 经常的,不变的 n. 常数,恒量