(单词翻译:单击)
听力原文
上次的攀岩结束后,咱们今天就去一探究竟,这平顶脊(熨斗形岩石)是怎么形成的,这样子的岩石山还真的很特立独行,Daisy我很好奇哦。你呢?说不定咱们要去实验室走一趟呢?拭目以待吧。
Taking a closer look, Lester can found out more about the surroundings they formed in.
"These were not just deposited in any kind of sedimentary situation, but they were deposited in rivers capable of transporting big particles and busting them up as it goes along."
Sheets of sand and gravel built up a thick sedimentary bed like a layered cake. But stream deposits are rarely more than a few degrees from horizontal.
"These rocks you can see the layers, and layers in the Flatiron behind me are 60 degrees."
Something caused these vast slabs to be tilted. The investigation moves ten miles northeast to Flagstaff Mountain located in the outer ranges of the Colorado Rockies.
"I'm standing here right next to a miniature of Flatiron. It's tilted like the Flatirons at about 60 degrees. It's steep. How did it get that way if it was originally a stream gravel deposit?"
The answer lies in the darker rock underneath. It is granite and looks completely different to the Flatiron rock above.
"There's no layering in this rock, unlike the Flatiron rock which does have layering. There's no pebbles in this rock, unlike the Flatiron rock which does have pebbles."
A close-up investigation of the granite reveals that it is full of minerals. This offers another clue to how the Rockies emerged.
"So I’ve picked up this granite here. And taking a look at it, I see quartz and feldspar and a little bit of mica in here, very characteristic of a rock like this that has cooled from a magma, from a liquid rock."
Among the minerals is iron. It is responsible for the dark color of the rock. The precise quantity of iron tells scientists the depth at which the rock was formed.
"So we've taken this rock into the laboratory and we do the chemistry on this rock, and we can actually determine that not only did it cool and crystallize at depth, that depth we can estimate at about 15 miles down."
小编有约:呵呵~~Daisy今天的问题是什么呢?假设咱们是实验员,正好你知道了岩石中铁元素的准确含量,那就等于知道了什么?好好想想在看答案!
听力答案
答案就在这句话中找"The precise quantity of iron tells scientists the depth at which the rock was formed. "
你猜到了吗?铁元素的确切含量可以让科学家知道岩石形成的深度。进而推出它的年龄。进而知道这里存在的历史,进而知道这里的天气,动物,人类等等的情况。多神奇啊!我也好想成为一名科学家!呵呵~~,笑话了这是Daisy小编初中时的梦想啦。
参考译文
凑近一瞧,莱斯特可以发现由许多海里的砂石以及小岩石组成的岩石层。
“这里沉淀下来的不仅是可以看见的。我们知道河流是不断的向前奔跑,这样就带动了一些大的颗粒状的物质不断随着河水向前,但即使是这样,仍有颗粒状物质沉积下来。”
一层层的砂石堆积起厚厚的沉积层,看起来就像是一个分层的蛋糕。但是一般情况下,河流沉积物是不会积的很厚。
“看着我身后的平顶脊(熨斗形岩石)一层一层的沉积物,它们可倾斜了60度。”
是什么原因造成了这些巨型岩石的倾斜。调查还在继续,我们一直走到10英里外东北方向的弗拉格斯塔夫山,这里超出了科罗拉多落基山的范围。
“我现在正站在一个微型平顶脊(熨斗形岩石)的旁边,也是60度左右的倾斜。非常陡峭,我在想它是如何形成今天的样子,如果最开始它只是溪流中的小砾石?”
答案就在于较深岩石的下方。它是花岗岩,它与上面的平顶脊(熨斗形岩石)看起来完全不同。
“在花岗岩中没有分层;不像平顶脊,它们中间有分层。花岗岩中没有卵石,而平顶脊中有。”进一步的对花岗岩进行调查显示里面充满了矿物质。这就给我们提供了另外一种关于落基山脉如何出现的线索。
“于是我拿起这个花岗岩。仔细一看,我看到了石英,长石和一点点的云母,正是有了这种特殊的结构,使得流动的岩浆可以冷却下来形成岩石。”
矿物质中含铁,铁元素使得岩石变黑。铁元素的确切含量可以让科学家知道岩石形成的深度。
“因此,我们采集了一些样本进入实验室中化验。实际上,我们就准确知道这块岩石是怎样冷却下来的、以及它的结晶深度,同时这个深度使得我们可以估算15英里以下的范围。”
Daisy对于译文,有一些补充说明,在文章的开头,其实可以译简单些,因为这是一个系列,所以要承接上一篇文章,就有一些解释的文字,“由许多海里的砂石以及小岩石组成的岩石层”,保证如果没听过前篇文章的网友,也可以大概了解一下是什么样的情况。这期的最后一句译文也是,因为还有下文,所以会有些不解,听下一期的话,就不会有疑惑啦。对于上篇文章有网友的留言,Daisy真的很高兴,希望大家多多支持Daisy,我希望给大家更好的原创。谢谢!还是那句话,请指出我译文以及重点讲解中不足的地方,谢谢大家啦!
重点讲解
注释:① surroundings n. 环境;周围的事物
例句:
1. A person out of tune with his surroundings is unhappy.
一个与环境格格不入的人是不会快乐的。
2. He immediately noticed the amenity of his new surroundings.
他立刻觉察到了新环境的宜人之处。
② bust vi. 破产;爆裂;降低级别 vt. 使破产;使爆裂;逮捕
n. 破产;半身像;萧条;胸部 adj. 破产了的;毁坏了的
例句:
1. The travel company's failure bust up my holiday.
旅游公司的失误使我的假日泡汤了。
2. Then for some reason they bust up.
后来为了一点缘故,他们吹了。
③ built up (1). 逐步建立, 增进, 增强,使增大
(2). (在某个地方)盖满了建筑物
(3). 宣扬, 夸赞, 吹捧(某人或某物)
例句:
1. The village has been built up since I lived here.
我在这里住过,从那时起,这个村子已经盖满了房子。
2. The factory has built up reserve fund.
这个工厂已积累了后备基金。
句子讲解:
1."These were not just deposited in any kind of sedimentary situation, but they were deposited in rivers capable of transporting big particles and busting them up as it goes along."
【结构简析】说实在的,Daisy刚开始分析这段的时候,就有些看不懂,后来慢慢的懂得它表达的意思很简单,其中有not just...but(also) 不仅......而且......这个词组,它来说明沉淀物是怎样来的。即使有一些损失,随着河流的冲涮,带走一些颗粒,但大部分是留下来的,就像咱们的黄河,如果看过壶口瀑布那种壮观的情景,就会明白这里的意思。Daisy在下面找出一幅壶口瀑布的图片给大家,希望能够帮助大家理解。
【参考译文】“这里沉淀下来的不仅是可以看见的。我们知道河流是不断的向前奔跑的,这样就带动了一些大的颗粒状的物质不断随着河水向前,但即使是这样,仍有颗粒状物质沉积下来。”
2. "So we've taken this rock into the laboratory and we do the chemistry on this rock, and we can actually determine that not only did it cool and crystallize at depth, that depth we can estimate at about 15 miles down."
【结构简析】这是一个复杂句。首先"and" 连了两个并列句,最后"and"连的句子中 "determine"后面接的宾语从句中再套上个not only的倒装句,因为not only 在前面句子要倒装,所以Daisy想这样的句子很地道。大家可以试着写写,一篇英语作文中出现这样的句子,考试会加分不少哦。
【参考译文】“因此,我们采集了一些样本进入实验室中化验。实际上,我们就准确知道这块岩石是怎样冷却下来的、以及它的结晶深度,同时这个深度使得我们可以估算15英里以下的范围 。”