经济学人:约翰逊语言专栏--如何在家学习一门外语(2)
日期:2020-05-05 16:53

(单词翻译:单击)

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As for your initially meagre vocabulary, don't be shy about substituting an English word into your muttering—
至于一开始的词汇量贫乏,不要羞于用一个英语单词来代替你的低声咕哝——
but look up the equivalent as soon as you can. (If you have a smart speaker, their "How do you say ‘tree' in Spanish?" features are rather good.)
但要尽快查找这个不会的单词D[[6kA(oBj。(如果你的语音助手够聪明,那么它们的“‘树’这个单词用西语怎么说”功能相当不错uOSIXC&&3~1BJ-3HaL。)
Keep a list of handy new words on your phone, ideally in a flashcard app. Two more tricks might help you learn more of them.
在你的手机上保存一个方便查看的新单词列表,最好放在一个闪卡应用程序中c6w3aQD.--jWp(u。另外两个技巧可以帮助你学到更多M&Uy(Bzp1tsHD-5Q1AT
A frequency dictionary has thousands ordered not by the alphabet but how often they are actually used:
一本频率词典中有很多单词,它们不是按照字母排序的,而是按照使用频率排序的:
this quickly gives you the few dozen critical, functional words that glue a language together.
这样你很快就能找到几十个关键的功能词,它们把一门语言粘合在一起8da38tYxh9l
To enhance your vocab, Memrise is another app that uses spaced repetition to drive words home.
增强你的词汇量,可以用Memrise,另一款使用间隔重复来记忆单词的应用-=i#xR0x2C=Fw.bwz^
New ones are repeated insistently until they stick, then occasionally thereafter as reminders.
新的单词会被不断地重复,直到你记住它们,然后偶尔再重复,以此来提醒自己H,SJ72oEjxZ4sVm
As soon as you can string a few sentences together, study in quarantine offers a consolation:
只要你能把几句话串在一起,隔离学习就能给你带来安慰:
a lot of language teachers are at home, too, and only a video-call away.
许多语言教师也在家,只要一个视频电话就行9+lF=XBAaAM

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约翰逊语言专栏--如何在家学习一门外语(2)

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For example, Sara, an Italian tutor in the Piedmont region, says her teaching hours have exploded.
例如,皮埃蒙特地区的意大利家庭教师萨拉说,她的教学时间激增[y5xwW;DXl;;SX1
Italki is a platform that links teachers and students for surprisingly low hourly rates;
Italki是一个连接老师和学生的平台,他们的小时收费非常便宜;
casual conversation practice is especially cheap, formal instruction slightly pricier.
随意的对话练习尤为便宜,正式指导要稍微贵一些ymcHgy4bbE
Find a highly rated teacher and struggle through a half-hour's conversation, shame-free.
找一位评价很高的老师,在半小时的谈话中打磨,不觉得难为情l=e@^M&j.JgCnCAk
They can use the chat function of video-call apps to write down words that elude you or that you haven't understood.
他们可以使用视频通话应用程序的聊天功能,写下你听不懂或不理解的单词dlcMIp0ZXc[
Afterwards you can add them to your flashcards.
然后你可以把它们加到你的单词卡里RCbMR+yk~Rjq(WNqc(B
Finally, there is reading and writing. Keeping a journal can force you to write clearly those tricky bits you've been mumbling,
最后是读写0O_S+3xQfnG&~。写日记可以迫使你把模糊不清的部分写清楚,
making you confront half-learned material. As for reading, graphic novels are good for a realistic conversational style.
让你直面半知不解的材料zyL*SsF_StPlT@0b9。至于阅读,图画小说的现实会话风格很棒Z2]T4oqiM&6t
And for no-nonsense written prose, find articles in the new language on Wikipedia on a subject you know well.
至于严肃的书面文章,在维基百科上找一些新学语言的文章,文章要选择你非常熟悉的主题E@5sBx*t6h.r]!B
Being able to guess unfamiliar terms gives a heartening sense of progress. Browser extensions can make looking up words a snap.
能够猜出不熟悉的术语会给人一种进步的鼓舞人心的感觉[U@]MC-]@d。浏览器扩展可以让查找单词变得轻而易举Oi(9XQc68K+BPaA
Just doubleclick a word with Google Translate enabled on Chrome, for example.
例如,只要用Chrome上的谷歌翻译双击就能查询单词2ix599*.Up-M987Wp-%3
There is no way to learn a language without time and effort. What technology does is make that effort pay off faster.
学习一门语言是不可能不花费时间和精力的;9TH2accL0e%Hj_Q。科技能做的是回报更快_rx&+F+1hj
Just remember the goal—interacting with native speakers in the flesh. You'll be out in the world again one day.
只用记住这个目标——与母语人士面对面交流3lG.ufHwpUI]%XVr;O;5。总有一天,你将重回这个世界oBsi;mifFdh!Thb

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