科学美国人60秒:美国西南地区的针叶林或将面临气候变化挑战
日期:2016-01-18 19:17

(单词翻译:单击)

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听力文本
As you sit round the Christmas tree, consider the TLC you give O Tannenbaum:plenty of water and a relatively comfortable climate.
Wouldn't want to dry out the tree, after all.
Now consider that in the house we all live in—the planet—we're hardly giving the same courtesy to your Christmas tree's wild cousins.
(Who, I might add, are actually still alive.)
As the planet warms, droughts are getting even drier—and they're getting hotter too.
In fact it's getting so bad that researchers are now forecasting that conifers in the arid southwestern United States could be completely wiped out by the end of the century.
No more pinyon pines, ponderosas or junipers. No more forests.
"It's definitely a distressing result for all of us.
None of us want to see this happen.
It's a bummer, honestly."
Sara Rauscher, a climate scientist and geographer at the University of Delaware.
She and her colleagues gathered data on how real-world evergreens in the southwest respond to drought and heat—they basically starve, unable to carry on photosynthesis or transport water.
The researchers then combined those physiological data with a half dozen projections of how climate change might proceed.
"But no matter what model we used, we always saw tree death."
Specifically, 72 percent of the trees dead by 2050, and a near-complete annihilation by the year 2100.
The results are in the journal Nature Climate Change.
But we'll always have Paris, right?
"Even if we used a scenario similar to what the Paris accords have agreed upon—so limiting global warming to 2 degrees—we still saw widespread die-off.
It happened later in the century, but it still happened."
That said, the study does not account for trees'ability to adapt, or whether new populations could find friendlier climes.
That is, whether conifers in the southwest can pull up roots fast enough to beat climate change.

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参考译文
当你围着圣诞树坐下,想着对它的细心呵护:足够的水份及相对舒适的气候条件e_m&P~lk#d=@Lj&~
至少你不会想到这棵树会干枯而死;doGuPR|kaUE+WUHYj+
现在想想我们居住的房子,我们所生活的地球—我们从未对它们有对圣诞树这般的礼遇H70s(DhLyNOBe
(补充一下,如果它们实际上还活着的话n5Wf)ICel_。)
随着地球变暖,干旱问题变得越来越严重—也越来越炎热7~rFNdjffcer

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实际上,情况变得越来越糟糕,以致于研究人员现在预测美国西南部的针叶树可能会在本世纪末灭绝3XfUuTpKSraNmJQ!4eJN
那时候将不会有松树、黄松木及杜松GSjpGX[!qRxv(jh,.n6。而且森林也将不复存在hq3J5@8YA#!#
“对我们来说这绝对是令人心痛的结果Nki~Ii2]@c
任谁都不想看到这种情况发生sU41[-u-5xzad^Nh
坦白说,这绝对是令人不愉快的经历n)=*M4=0A5N1O
特拉华大学气候学家及地质学家萨拉劳斯尔说道287(X*.G]@(I12M5E.
萨拉和她的同事们收集了美国西南部常青树如何应对干旱及树木在失去养分不能够进行光合作用运输水分的高温数据|v3^pRmP1[^|jtJs92
研究人员将这些树木的生理数据同未来气候变化的预测进行结合9&v(O)[!*AZdr(
“但无论我们使用何种模型,得出的结论都是树木会面临灭顶之灾Mv2VAWD]FCOqU^2Bf%-
确切地说,到2050年72%的树木会死亡;2100年所有的树木都会消失j;YaQh9s7Lh~QnyMtW
这项研究已在《气候变化》期刊上发表po!u*.kMlXLV!ASgY
但我们还有巴黎气候变化协议mM~Dyxamz3,o5LBzvk1
即使我们运用到巴黎气候变化协议所规定的类似场景—将全球变暖的温度控制在2度,仍然出现树木大面积死亡@PpTZp,F%buRD#Q
这种现象会在本世纪末出现,仍旧无法避免jPSQQTU6M_seWk1%.
也就是说,这项研究没有将树木的适应能力或未来能否找到更适合自身生长地的新品种纳入考量0VMgt1|gstf*#H~&Y
美国西南部的针叶林是否能够足够快的转移地点应对气候变化NBU2HjN)6Sk;&e)Ena-4

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译文为可可英语翻译,未经授权请勿转载!

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重点讲解

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1.wipe out 消灭

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例句:The man is a fanatic who is determined to wipe out any opposition to the way he conducts himself.
这人是个狂热分子,决意扫除任何反对其行事作风的声音#RoTghtf@r

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2.want to 想要

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例句:Do ring if you want to talk about it.
你要是想谈谈,一定给我打电话,X8.H*H^T5nPT

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3.respond to 回应

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例句:To adjust the program to only respond to intense knocking events or similar acceleration values, increase the update threshold.
为了调整这个程序,使它只响应我们需要的敲打事件或类似的加速值,我们需要扩大更新上限z!_8+lyb]%a

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4.account for 对…负有责任

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例句:It works great as long as the framework we're working with can account for everything our application needs to do.
只要使用的框架可以说明应用程序需要完成的操作,它就可以正常运行;68.c0nbfxR*9zT

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重点单词
  • globaladj. 全球性的,全世界的,球状的,全局的
  • starvevi. 挨饿,受饿,(将要)饿死 vt. 使挨饿,使饿死
  • accelerationn. 加速,促进,加速度
  • widespreadadj. 分布(或散布)广的,普遍的
  • updatev. 更新,补充最新资料 n. 更新
  • annihilationn. 灭绝;消灭
  • frameworkn. 结构,框架,参照标准,体系
  • aridadj. 干燥的,不毛的 adj. 枯燥的,无趣的
  • applicationn. 应用; 申请; 专心 n. 应用软件程序
  • photosynthesisn. 光合作用