科学美国人60秒:哺乳动物排尿一致的21秒时间
日期:2014-07-08 17:07

(单词翻译:单击)

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中英文本

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In the time it takes you to listen to this story, an elephant could empty its bladder about three times.
这个故事中你需要留意下时间,一头大象需要3次才能将膀胱完全腾空n!dXy0x!ogrnAh
And, despite being much smaller, so could an adult cat.
然而,虽然相比之下成年猫的膀胱较小,但也是如此!d[4x[&_qNnWpL6Y(^g
And a goat. Also a cow.
羊如此iBg2#mj4o@pa39LQZ#3,。牛也是这样hUN2fvtl;sc92@4&
Because researchers find that all mammals that weigh more than six-and-a-half pounds or so take about the same time to pee:
因为研究人员们发现所有体重超过6.5磅左右的哺乳类动物小便花费的都是同样长的时间:
21 seconds, plus or minus 13 seconds.
21秒正负不超过13秒误差MU5xeu~U;nG!iND

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The researchers videoed various mammals urinating at Zoo Atlanta.
研究人员们将亚特兰大动物园各类哺乳动物的排尿过程用视频的方式记录下来%#BVV#P|SJ.A1tCI^
And they found that, once you get above the squirrel-mouse-shrew level, tinkle-time does not scale with body size.
然后他们发现,一旦达到松鼠-老鼠-地鼠级别以上,排尿时间并不会随着身材的增加而增加s8Ucw13q=kpuL~lXLD
Good news for elephants, who could otherwise spend all day going number one.
这对大象来讲是个好消息,否则它估计要花整天时间排尿,因此雄霸第一的宝座[YXR;#oEm3ML
Seems that larger animals have a longer urethra, the conduit that whisks the wee-wee away.
大型动物虽然看起来尿道更长,但导管结构使得排尿过程很快p@kG6#~;N&Uo6bSW
That difference in size is big enough that gravity starts to really weigh in.
而体型的区别决定了重力方面的相关作用5F&b*&7VlzERGECoM
As a result, when Jumbo answers nature's call he has a much faster flow than does Mittens.
结果就是,当大象有了生理上的需求,速度会比小猫咪快很多_YEhvppp!,-W2d9(nf
Given the urethra's structure, the researchers say that the mammalian urinary system can be “scaled up by a factor of 3,600 in volume without compromising its function.”
而且通过尿道结构,研究人员们表示,哺乳动物的泌尿系统如果排除了功能差异,随体型递增的相关因子大概是体积的3600倍~DedJaj*mQ,@^ba0
The study is in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
该研究已在《国家科学研究进展》杂志上发表MeMSQ027@=C;p1
This hydrodynamic finding could help engineers design systems that rapidly drain reservoirs, regardless of size.
这项流体动力学的发现也许有助于工程师们设计出任何尺寸可快速排水的蓄水池1T|37VEZOfp~oD~xJ
It also means if Mittens and Jumbo hit the head together, they can come out at the same time.
这同时意味着如果小猫和大象在方便的时候碰巧同时开始,也能同时结束L~Z95]G56baqC+f7
词语解释

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1.body size 字体大小,字号

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This points to an interesting evolutionary strategy for early snakes to eat large animals by increasing their body size.
这点有趣的进化策略,通过增加其身体大小吃大动物的早期蛇2@c[6m0G9!K

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Now, researchers report that the level of aggressiveness is correlated to body size.
现在研究者们发现他们的攻击性和体型相关ZSch69#bX@#_m0fnr;.]

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2.start to 开始

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Where's this argument start to break down?
这种争论将在何处开始平息?

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Before long, incumbents in both parties will start to panic about next year's election.
不久之后,两党的现任高层就将开始为明年的大选坐立不安.@Sn3r8IoDUb|a

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3.regardless of 不管,不顾

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The future is now with respect to bitcoin, regardless of marijuana or any business.
无论是大麻还是其他行业,未来都系于比特币一身[#~IqS]9em

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We will fight, regardless of the cost.
我们会战斗到底,不管代价有多大_^.P|XGt(KUT

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重点单词
  • panicn. 恐慌 adj. 惊慌的 vt. 使 ... 惊慌
  • evolutionaryadj. 进化的,发展的,演变的
  • academyn. 学院,学术,学会
  • factorn. 因素,因子 vt. 把 ... 因素包括进去 vi
  • gravityn. 重力,严重,庄重,严肃
  • functionn. 功能,函数,职务,重大聚会 vi. 运行,起作用
  • cown. 母牛,母兽 vt. 恐吓
  • strategyn. 战略,策略
  • drainn. 下水道,排水沟,消耗 v. 耗尽,排出,排干,喝光
  • electionn. 选举