科学美国人60秒:北极熊的适应自然进化让它们又胖又健康
日期:2014-06-04 16:35

(单词翻译:单击)

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中英文本

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A triple bacon cheeseburger seems like a heart attack on a plate.
三层奶酪咸肉汉堡感觉吃完很容易让人突发心脏病3j@DufFdg-](2iV6ZyM#
So how can polar bears thrive on their version, seal blubber?
那么,北极熊是如何处理这些高热量食物的呢?
Turns out they've stocked up on genes that let them clear fats from their blood.
结果显示它们储存在遗传基因里的信息使得它们能够清除血脂5uaOJc-2AK4r8gG^2
That's according to a study in the journal Cell.
这是根据《细胞》杂志上的一篇研究得出的结论6%o5vt!nI!
Polar bears are well adapted to life on the sea ice.
北极熊非常适应在浮冰上的生活T14+KL^rnZ%T9#f#
Up to half their body weight's fat, which gives them extra insulation and buoyancy, and provides them with a ready source of energy.
几乎占它们身重一半的脂肪足以使它们保暖并且维持体力,提供给它们一种易转化的能量cblfi-cIxR7)p2W4
But how can an animal so fat also be so fit?
但一种动物怎么能又胖又健康?

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Researchers compared the genomes of polar bears with those of brown bears, and found that polar bears have accumulated genetic changes that boost their heart health and fat metabolism.
研究人员们通过比较北极熊和棕熊的基因,发现北极熊的基因组中积累了不少有利于心脏健康和脂肪代谢的遗传突变y&f9ZdZg#2bA861k=pdC
One gene in particular, called ApoB, helps move cholesterol out of the blood—where it causes problems in humans—and into cells.
特别是编码为载脂蛋白B的基因有助于清除血液中对人类有害的胆固醇转变成细胞代谢t92-kp3^1kfI+8
These genomic changes happened quickly, evolutionarily speaking.
这些遗传变化从进化的角度来讲发生的十分快H]iEO)~2jRJ,34
Polar bears and brown bears diverged from a common ancestor less than half a million years ago.
北极熊和棕熊都来自于同一个祖先,它们是在大约50万年前左右开始向不同分支进化wO~sJx=_9fY#Cm*
But if that seems super speedy, the ability to digest lactose didn't spread through human populations until we domesticated cows, just 10,000 years ago.
但是如果这种变化看上去十分快速的话,消化乳糖的酶逐渐进化到人类各个种群中也还是发生在大概1万年前我们可以驯化乳牛之后;-wp02czqzob!r]
A moooving testament to the power of natural selection.
这是自然选择力量的证明uYn^RxurX!g
词语解释

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1.heart attack n.心力衰竭,心脏病发作

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I think we solved the mystery of the heart attack.
我想我们找到他得心脏病的原因了]O%08xOD*=

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Grandpa had another heart attack.
爷爷的心脏病又发作了6|d^Ps|*xKH),

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2.stock up 储足

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With the stock up more than 200% during his tenure, he certainly did his job!
结果,在其任职期间,麦当劳股票上涨幅度超过了200%,可以说,他圆满完成了自己的工作!

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Filling his tank for the last time, he went inside to stock up.
灌装他最后一次坦克,他走了进去,就囤积CiT[[Uv%~I,@
3.according to 根据,按照;据…所说

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All firsts in a car, according to gm.
据通用公司表示,这些都是汽车史上的头一遭DcYDu-mL6Z

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According to weiner, product teams will continue to crank.
据韦纳尔表示,产品团队将继续发挥奇思妙想btc_yBdBj!zrDL+(3

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4.compare with 与…相比;比得上

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Life isn't fair-don't compare with or be jealous of others.
生活并不是公平的不要比较也不要嫉妒别人L]R.Oa[%YzC)d

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Atheists have precious little to compare with this.
相比之下,无神论者的资源就少得可怜oDFbE6Q&J#F

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重点单词
  • boostvt. 推进,提高,增加 n. 推进,增加 v.
  • sourcen. 发源地,来源,原始资料
  • geneticadj. 基因的,遗传的,起源的
  • mysteryn. 神秘,秘密,奥秘,神秘的人或事物
  • celln. 细胞,电池,小组,小房间,单人牢房,(蜂房的)巢室
  • preciousadj. 宝贵的,珍贵的,矫揉造作的 adv. 极其地
  • spreadv. 伸展,展开,传播,散布,铺开,涂撒 n. 伸展,传
  • sealn. 印章,封条 n. 海豹 v. 盖印,密封
  • stockn. 存货,储备; 树干; 血统; 股份; 家畜 adj
  • particularadj. 特殊的,特别的,特定的,挑剔的 n. 个别项目